Transgender and Psychological/social Gender Identity

Transsexualism [pic] People with gender identity disorder should change their sexual identity and live among us as the opposite sex as long as they acknowledge and reveal themselves as â€Å"transsexuals†. Now, let me define what is known as â€Å"gender identity disorder†; it is commonly referred to as â€Å"transsexualism† which is a condition where a transsexual person self-identifies as a member of the gender opposite to the one assigned to them at birth. Transsexualism is considered a taboo subject in many parts of theworld. Y, u might ask? Well, simply because it is perceived as being supported by religious beliefs or cultural norms.And though it has become widely known in Western nations in the late 20th century due to the sexual†¦show more content†¦They’ve made the physical alteration seeing as they had developed the characteristics of the opposite sex in terms of behavior, clothing, thoughts, perspectives, way of life as a whole. To be more specific and clarified about this point, a person who went through the physical alteration and became a woman wrote a booklet on the subject seeing as she had personal experience; in this booklet she says and I quote: â€Å"I am a woman who, probably due to some endocrine malfunction before birth, was born with male genitals. Since our society assumes that gender and sex always correspond, I was wrongly assigned to the gender pigeon-hole called male by a doctor who looked at my genitals instead of my mind. Throughout my childhood I knew perfectly well that I was really a girl (after all, its my mind, not my genitals, that make me the person that I am), but because my body seemed to insist otherwise, I was forced to try to fit in to the gender role of a boy. This produced intense unhappiness and almost totally ruined my life until I accepted the reality of my situation and underwent gender reassignment as anShow MoreRelatedGender Identity And The Transgender Orientation138 6 Words   |  6 Pagesbehaviors develop in later years. These roles are largely based on social experiences and inner feelings. Generally, the behaviors are consistent with the gender assigned at birth, however; there are some children who are cross-gendered and show behaviors that are opposite to the sex assigned to them at birth (Pardo, 2008). Most of the transgender people identify their gender identity during adolescence, research studies suggest that transgender males and females go through a process of dissonance, explorationRead MoreGender Identification : An Exploration Of The Transgender Group1625 Words   |  7 PagesGender Identification: An Exploration of the Transgender Group and Their Relationship in Society Gender identification and expression of transgender individuals has become controversial in America because of lack of knowledge and societal acculturation of this group. As society continues to connect gender identity with sexual identity, those who identify as transgender are forced to conform to the cultural norms of society or choose not to openly portray their gender expression. Although the mediaRead MoreGender Discrimination And The Transgender Community1600 Words   |  7 Pagesexpress themselves, etc. Dalton Conley explains that gender â€Å"[Is] a collectively defined guidebook that humans use to make distinctions among themselves, to separate one being from another, and to comprehend an otherwise fuzzy mass of individuals.† (279) However, when this â€Å"collectively defined guidebook† is mildly altered, many individuals are confused and respond negatively towards these changes. Transgenders are individuals who identify with a gender that does not correspond with their sex, and soRead MoreThe Concept of Gender and Gender Identity1223 Words   |  5 Pages I am interested in the concept of gender and the deeper meaning of being considered a transgendered person. I feel that a lot of people do not know or care to know about these topics on a more in depth level. People who close their eyes to the idea that a person could be born with the physical aspects of a male yet have the psychological aspects of a female and vice versa, tend to be the ones who say that those people are going against nature or god. Discriminating against people on the principlesRead MoreAge Groups And The Lifecycle1432 Words   |  6 PagesChildren (Ages 3-12). Gender labels are placed on children prior to and after birth as we are taught about gender binary in an â€Å"either/or† fashion (Janssen Erickson-Schroth, 2013) during early years of development. For example, the newborn is either a boy or a girl and this predisposes children to gender specific ideologies. Gender revealing parties and baby showers are notorious for continuing traditional societal viewpoints of binary assumptions – girl or boy. Gender roles are established atRead MoreTransgender1370 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Transgender/Transsexual Olivia Warehime Tarleton State University ABSTRACT A transgender is someone that believes that their gender does not match their anatomy that they were born with. Transgender believes that they’re in someone else’s body. For example someone that was born a male believes he’s a female and vice versa. Keyword: heterosexism, LGBT, Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Prevention Why are people transgender? ACN, S. (2011, February 27). Health experts believe that beingRead MoreA Research Study On Transgender Orientation1661 Words   |  7 Pagesterminology throughout gender is constantly evolving as is the understanding of the growing issues and therefore is inconsistent throughout the literature. Transgender may refer to people who embrace a different gender identity on a full time basis to that appointed at birth, which may be ambiguous or gender specific, but without any medical intervention. Transsexual is often used to differentiate those who have taken medical intervention to live full time in the fixed gender different to that assignedRead MoreThe Psychological Factors Of The Bathroom Bill1279 Words   |  6 PagesThe Psychological Factors of the â€Å"Bathroom Bill† Next month will make a year that everyone has kept their eye out on North Carolina due to the House Bill 2, also known as the â€Å"bathroom bill,† they passed March 23rd of 2016. The particular bill requires transgender people to use the restroom of the gender assigned to them at birth. It also â€Å"banned any minimum-wage increases or anti-discrimination statutes local governments might pass† (McCLELLAND 40). Not only did this aggravate the LGBT communityRead MoreIn This Paper, I Will Discuss Transgender Children, Specifically1041 Words   |  5 PagesIn this paper, I will discuss transgender children, specifically contextual variables that impact psychological adjustment. Define stress, stressors, and coping strategies, and contemplate their relationship to health and wellness of these. Identify and describe social psychological phenomena. Describe relationships, lifestyles, and issues of parenting and longevity. Identify gender differences and explore gender role stereotypes. Examine evidence-based strategies from each of the selected articlesRead MoreAs Times Are Modernizing The Ideology That One Must Be1369 Words   |  6 Pages1999 there were very few H.R. transgender policies provided by US employers. As the years have gone by and almost twenty years later more and more Human Resource policies are being adopted and implemented in defense of not only those who in the lesbian or gay community, but for those with gender identity and/or expression that differs from that of an individual’s birth-specifically transgender to fight against discrimination and inequality in the workplace. Transgender issues are particularly important

A Response on Social Inequality Essay - 683 Words

A Response on Social Inequality We live in a culturally diverse world. Age, gender, sexual orientation, ethnic heritage and race are some of the diverse areas in society that are deemed significant. In spite of all these differences we tend to center ourselves around people who are similar to us; those who share the same biological and physical characteristics, same status and similar lifestyles. Because of this it is our human nature to be ethnocentric towards those who are different from us. This gives rise to discrimination which ultimately leads to social inequality. There are many areas in which people discriminate others. One of the most prominent ones is race; since it is easy to identify. Race is related to the distinct†¦show more content†¦Some common gender stereotypes are that men are stronger, tougher, braver, and more intelligent thus he is given the authoritative role. Women on the other hand are stereotyped as more emotional, sensitive and soft spoken, and nurturing thus she is in charge o f taking care of the household duties such as cooking, cleaning, raising the children. In Asian countries it is common to see the male as the â€Å"higher† gender while the woman is seen as lower than them. Caste and class is another area where you see social inequality based on discrimination. Caste is an economic categorization describing the status you are born into. Caste is an ascribed status; you have to stay in your caste from birth on, and it helps determine your job, place and value in society etc. Class is based on economic status; usually upon the income made. While people tend to stay in the class they are brought up in, it is possible to move up or down the class scale therefore it is an achieved status unlike in caste. These categorizations may reflect the attitudes of the people because it shows the importance people place on power and wealth in a society. In India the high castes are the Brahmins’. They inherit exclusive privileges from birth and are socially distinct while lower castes are deprived of their basic rights and are usually discriminated by the higher castes. In our present society we can see that people give more respect to those who are at a higherShow MoreRelatedThe Categorical Imperative And The Utilitarian Perspective935 Words   |  4 Pages1. Given these query results, do you have an ethical responsibility to do something? Consider both the categorical imperative and the utilitarian perspective. The query results clearly indicate the inequality, the most of the employees born in cites like California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas are getting fewer salaries than their job salary range. In this situation, we are ethically responsible for doing something about it, but it is not easy to know the decision we are making is right or wrongRead MoreA Brief Note On Hurricane Katrina And Its Misfortune For The Unfortunate1416 Words   |  6 PagesLouisville â€Æ' Research Question: Inequality has been a topic of discussion in the United States—as well as the vast majority of the world—for a significant period of time now. While there is no denying that inequality exists, I believe that it has become assumed to be the underlying problem in a lot of cases where it doesn’t necessarily apply. There are a number of problems in society that can’t be fixed because the solution is designed around the idea that inequality is the issue, and if people wereRead MoreThe Gender Trap : Parents And The Pitfalls Of Raising Boys And Girls Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pagesof â€Å"The Gender Trap: Parents and the Pitfalls of Raising Boys and Girls† by Kane Emily W. This is a book that explains why the gender trap is not the parent’s fault, but a social construction. One of the social institutions is the family. Through the family, Kane has explained the role of the parents in maintaining the social gender trap. Kane has analyzed her interviews with parents of preschool children to show the beliefs and motivations that construct the gendered society. In presenting thisRead MorePrimary Roles Of A Grade 7 And 8 Teacher1519 Words   |  7 Pageselite private school of a higher social economic status, presented an objection to their children learning about social inequalities. Parents of the students feel their adolescent children are not ready to tackle these issues of oppression, rather continue to focus on learning skills they feel will lead to future successes. I consider one of the primary roles of a grade 7 and 8 teacher is to help our youth understand how their own and others identities and social locations affect our lives and relati onshipsRead MoreThe Effects Of Inequality On The Everyday Lives Of The Children / Families984 Words   |  4 PagesMarriage and Family Analytical Response How does inequality pay out in the everyday lives of the children/families in Lareau’s book? How is inequality reproduced? Give specific examples from the book There are various forms of inequalities dealing with children and/or families, so much so that time would not permit them to be discussed. First, there are basically three groups in society: Upper-class, Middle (working) class, and the Poor. In her study Lareau broke these groups into sub-groupsRead MoreMod B: Critical Study Essay- speeches (Lessing + Atwood)1035 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Doris Lessing’s On Not Winning the Nobel Prize (2007) and Margaret Atwood’s Spotty-Handed Villainesses (1994) are both worthy speeches because they evoke a personal response in their intended audience and offer solutions to complex global issues. These issues are complex because they do not have a clear answer and hence, remains a controversial topic and reverberates across time. Therefore, the solutions offered by these speeches also resonates beyond the contextual audience and holds value forRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Trial Analysis1076 Words   |  5 Pagestreatment of others to her audience of the 1960’s. Harper Lee uses the trial scene as a platform to further highlight the different layers of the comm unity. Lee uses the trial to highlight the impact of previously explored themes of social inequality and morality and the social hierarchy that is rigidly in place. The trial is held for Tom Robinson who is accused of raping a white woman, Mayella Ewell, where Atticus is brought in to represent Tom. The trial can be seen as a microcosm of the entire playRead MorePoverty in Canada Essay1492 Words   |  6 Pagesthat is inequality. Inequality: the position of being unequal; lack of equality. Most of the impoverishment in Canada comes from the minority groups of the nation; unattached women over 65, single-headed females, disabled people, minimum wage workers, people receiving social assistance/EI benefits, and new immigrants or aboriginal Canadians. These minority groups are being targeted with low-waged jobs which lead them to not having enough to provide the basic necessities. Targeted with inequality theRead MoreAnalysis Of Stan Grant s Speech Racism And The Australian Dream 1280 Words à ‚  |  6 PagesStan Grant’s speech ‘Racism and the Australian Dream’ (2015) effectively reminds the Australian population of the racism and harsh inequalities indigenous Australians have faced in the past and still face today. In reminding us of this reality, Grant engages us to discover issues of civic participation in Aboriginal people and in doing so perpetuates a need for social change. More? (topic SENTENCE). Stan Grant is a 52-year-old Indigenous-Australian activist, journalist and author from Griffith, NewRead MoreIn January 2013 a prominent national US newspaper quoted former Secretary of State, Condolezza800 Words   |  4 Pageshow significant inequality is in America. The social class that you are born into will influence your outlook on social class and will also be the social class you stay in (Loewen, 1995. 322). Your social class will determine the opportunities available for you including health, fitness, nutrition, education, SAT scores, medical resources and more (Loewen, 1995. 321-322). Loewen also proposes that the education system in America does not incorporate a proper analysis of our social class (Loewen,

Margaret Thatcher Essay Example For Students

Margaret Thatcher Essay Margaret Thatcher was the longest serving Prime Minister for more than a century and was the first woman to serve as Prime Minister. A graduate of Oxford, with a master of arts degree she worked as a research chemist and a barrister, concentrating on tax law, before being elected to the House of Commons in 1953. She held several ministerial appointments including education minister. Elected leader of her Party (the Opposition) in 1975, she became Prime Minister in 1979. Thatchers first two years in office were not easy. Unemployment was very high, but the economy slowly improved. Her reputation was also bolstered when she led the country to war against Argentina in the Falkland Islands. Shortly after this the Conservatives won the 1983 election by a landslide. Margaret Thatchers government followed a radical program of privatization and deregulation. The aim was to reduce the role of government and increase individual self-reliance. She also became a familiar figure internationally, forming up a famous friendship with US President Reagan and gaining the praise of Soviet leader Gorbachev. One great difficulty during her time in office was the issue of Europe. Finally in 1990, her cabinet was divided over issues including the European Community, which forced her resignation. In 1992 she entered the House of Lords.

Marketing and Nestle Delicious Jam free essay sample

Our marketing project is about launching a new product which is Nestle Delicious Jam, bring happiness in life. Nestle is not producing jam currently. So we will introduce this product 1st time in market. The marketing plan for this purpose consists of many strategies that we will use. We will compete the market because our product will offer a unique combination of features e. g. different flavors, bottle design, nutrients etc at a value added price. Its target market will include all people but specially the children. It will be available in all possible flavors and reasonable price will be offer for Nestle Delicious Jam. The product life cycle will start from the maturity stage by providing more values in beginning. We will use corporate vertical marketing system for Nestle Delicious Jam. HISTORY 1866-1905 In the 1860s Henri Nestle, a pharmacist developed a food for babies who were unable to breastfeed. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing and Nestle Delicious Jam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His first success was a premature infant who could not tolerate his mothers milk or any of the usual substitutes. People quickly recognized the value of the new product, after Nestles new formula saved the childs life, and soon, Farine Lactee Henri Nestle was being sold in much of Europe. In 1905 Nestle merged with the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company. By the early 1900s, the company was operating factories in the United States, Britain, Germany and Spain. World War I created new demand for dairy products in the form of government contracts. By the end of the war, Nestles production had more than doubled. 1918-1938 After the war Government contracts dried up and consumers switched back to fresh milk. However, Nestles management responded quickly, streamlining operations and reducing debt. The 1920s saw Nestles first expansion into new products, with chocolate the Companys second most important activity. 1938-1944 Nestle felt the effects of World War II immediately. Profits dropped from $20 million in 1938 to $6 million in 1939. Factories were established in developing countries, particularly Latin America. Ironically, the war helped with the introduction of the Companys newest product, Nescafe, which was a staple drink of the US military. Nestles production and sales rose in the wartime economy. 1944-1975 The end of World War II was the beginning of a dynamic phase for Nestle. Growth accelerated and companies were acquired. In 1947 came the merger with Maggi seasonings and soups. Crosse Blackwell followed in 1960, as did Findus (1963), Libbys (1971) and Stouffers (1973). Diversification came with a shareholding in LOreal in 1974. 1975-1981 Nestles growth in the developing world partially offset a slowdown in the Companys traditional markets. Nestle made its second venture outside the food industry by acquiring Alcon Laboratories Inc. 1981-1995 Nestle divested a number of businesses1980 / 1984. In 1984, Nestles improved bottom line allowed the Company to launch a new round of acquisitions, the most important being American food giant Carnation. 1996-2002 The first half of the 1990s proved to be favorable for Nestle: trade barriers crumbled and world markets developed into more or less integrated trading areas. Since 1996, there have been acquisitions including San Pellegrino (1997), Spillers Petfoods (1998) and Ralston Purina (2002). There were two major acquisitions in North America, both in 2002: in July, Nestle merged its U.S. ice cream business into Dreyers, and in August, a USD 2. 6bn acquisition was announced of Chef America, Inc. 2003 + The year 2003 started well with the acquisition of Movenpick Ice Cream, enhancing Nestles position as one of the world market leaders in this product category. In 2006, Jenny Craig and Uncle Tobys were added to the Nestle portfolio and 2007 saw Novartis Medical Nutrition, Gerber and Henniez join the Company MISSION STATEMENT Nestle is not only Switzerlands largest industrial company, but it is also the Worlds Largest Food Company. The mission statement emphasizes on the fact that Nestle products are available in nearly every country around the world. Wherever one may live, only Nestle can provide the best and most reliable food and beverage products to meet his/her needs throughout the day, throughout the life. Especially, people on the move want to be able to find good food wherever they are, whatever the time of day. They are often reassured that they will find well-known brands out of home. This statement also reflects the image of high quality products that Nestle offers. Nestle  has the advantage that it offers caterers, fast food chains and other restaurants a complete range of high quality ingredients, base products and meal components, as well as leading consumer brands such as Nescafe. Quality is the cornerstone of the success of the Nestle Company. Everyday, millions of people all over the world show their trust in the company by choosing Nestle products. This trust comes from a quality image that has been built up for over a century. Therefore, the quality of the products ultimately enhances the quality of the consumer’s life. In addition, the mission statement declares that Nestle has the ability to anticipate â€Å"†¦consumer’s needs and create solutions†¦. † Nestle has proven this ability a number of times by introducing new products that were required by consumers. NESTLE BUSINESS OBJECTIVES ? Nestles business objective is to manufacture and market the Companys products in such a way as to create value that can be sustained over the long term for shareholders, employees, consumers, and business partners. ? Nestle does not favor short-term profit at the expense of successful long-term business development. Nestle recognizes that its consumers have a sincere and legitimate interest in the behavior, beliefs and actions of the Company behind brands in which they place their trust and that without its consumers the Company would not exist. So the needs wants of consumers should be considered. ? Nestle believes that, as a general rule, legislation is the most effective safeguard of responsible conduct, although in certain areas, additional guidance to staff in the form of voluntary business principles is beneficial in order to ensure that the highest standards are met throughout the organization. Nestle is conscious of the fact that the success of a corporation is a reflection of the professionalism, conduct and the responsible attitude of its management and employees. Therefore recruitment of the right people and ongoing training and development are crucial. ? Nestle continues to maintain its commitment to follow and respect all applicable local laws in each of its markets. NESTLE PRODUCTS Nestle is a well-known company all over the world and Pakistan. The company basically deals in food products as their logo says â€Å"Good Food, Good Life. † Their major products lines are: MILK PRODUCTS 1) NESTLE MILKPAK UHT MILK This product was launched in 1981. Backed by a very strong brand name, aggressive marketing and distribution plan, consistent quality, and availability throughout the year, it has become quality milk. In September 1999, Milk Pak UHT milk was launched as Nestle Milk Pak UHT milk. It is available in 1000, 500 and 250 ml sizes. 1) MILKPAK BUTTER This product was launched in 1985 under the Milk Pak brand name. It has been recently repackaged in a crisp white laminate, the design of which bears closed resemblance to that of Milkpak UHT milk. This new package design allows gaining strength from Nestle Milkpak UHT milk. It is available in 200 and 100 gm sizes. 2) MILKPAK UHT CREAM This product was launched in 1986 under Milkpak brand name. It is available in 200 ml size. 3) MILKPAK DESI GHEE This product was launched in 1986. It is available in 1000 ml size and is leading branded desi ghee in the country. 4) NESTLE EVERYDAY To meet the requirements of the tea-whitening segment, this product was launched in 1992. On account of aggressive marketing, focused distribution, excellent consumer acceptance and product quality, this brand has shown strong growth and holds good promise for the future. 5) NESTLE NIDO Soon after it was introduced in the early 70`s as an imported product, Nido full cream milk powder became the market leader. Local manufacturing of Nido began in 1990, which has reinforced its position as the dominant player in the full cream milk powder category. CHOCOLATE DRINKS 1) MILOPOWDER This product was launched in 1994. It is available in 14,100 and 200 gm sizes. It is strongly associated with a healthy life style and is an ideal drink for growing children who need strength and energy. 2) MILO RTD To cater for consumer convenience, Milo RTD (ready to drink) was launched in 1995 and is now available in an attractive 180 ml slim pack. It is popular among all age groups especially among the growing segment of nutrition conscious consumers. It is an excellent substitute for cold drinks. COFFEE 1) NESCAFE CLASSIC It is one of the world’s most popular coffee brands. Nescafe global campaign â€Å"open up† was launched in Pakistan in October, introducing a new brand framework and increased emphasis behind coffee sales in Pakistan. Nestle Milkpak locally packs imported coffee and markets it in 225 and 500gm. FRUIT DRINKS 1) FROST It is a well-known brand launched in 1986 and has the largest market share. Positioned as a cold drink and an alternate to cola drinks, its strength lies in the convenience attached to its usage. 2) NESTLE ORANGE JUICE The product was launched in July 1996. It is available in 180ml and1litre sizes. In a market that is becoming increasingly conscious about nutrition and is displaying preference for healthy drinks, Nestle Orange Juice has made very good inroads and has a strong potential in the future. DIETETIC INFANT PRODUCTS 1) LACTOGEN Lactogen 1 and Lactogen 2 are infant and follow-up formulae launched in 1991 and are available in two sizes both pack and can. The brands provide both affordability and quality. 2) CEREALS Launched in 1989, it is the dominant player in the growing infant food market. It is available in 5 flavors and provides balanced nutrition to infants. 3) NESTLE RICE An affordable starter weaning cereal and offers the flexibility of preparation with a variety of meals. This was launched in 1994 and available in125ml pack size. 4) NESTLE WHEAT Nestle wheat is a wheat-based infant cereal without milk. It is available in 125 and 200 gm pack sizes. 5) NESLAC Neslac is a growing up milk, formulated specially for 1 to 4 years old. This was launched in 1994. It contains a right balance of proteins, calcium, iron, vitamins and essential minerals in order to cater nutritional needs of growing children. CULINARY PRODUCTS 1) MAGGI 2-MINUTE NOODLES Fast to cook, good to eat – Maggi 2-Minutes Noodles were launched with local production in 1992, and doing so Nestle pioneered the category of instant noodles in Pakistan. It offers flavors like chicken masala, chili and chatkhara. 2) MAGGI COLD SAUCES Nestle entered the Cold Sauces category early in the year with the launch of Maggi ketchup, Maggi mirch maza and Maggi khatti meethi – the first Emily sauces in Pakistan. The innovative taste of Khatti meethi together with the more traditional tastes of Ketchup and Mirch maza, were received well by the consumers. CONFECTIONERY In view of the impressive potential for confectionery sales in the country, Nestle Milkpak established an independent sales and distribution network for confectionery products. From three main cities in 1996, it has grown into a nation-wide network. The initial product range includes locally produced Polo Mint, Kitkat, Smarties, Lion Bar, and Fox’s, Allen’s Toffo and Allen’s Soothers. Both Toffo and Soothers are produced on a new confectionery line-based on a new state-of-the-art technology that provides an extremely flexible process for production of wide range of high and low boiled candies. This will enable the company to introduce varieties of new sweet flavors over the next few years. WATER The launch of Nestle Pure Life in December 1998 was a truly historic event. This marks the Nestle Pure Life’s entry into the country’s fast growing water market. At the same time Pakistan became the first country where Nestle launched the new brand. Nestle Pure Life is a premium drinking  water, produced to the highest standards of safety and purity. It is ideally balanced with essential minerals. It is available in two convenient sizes of 0. 5 and 1. 0 liters. Capitalizing on its strong brand recognition, aggressive pricing and supported by a strong marketing campaign, Nestle Pure Life has made very strong inroads into the water market in Pakistan. Nestle PURE LIFE is available around the globe today in Canada, USA, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Egypt, Lebanon, Turkey, Russia, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, China, Thailand, and the Philippines. Launched on the North American market in 2003, Nestle PURE LIFE is destined to become the world’s leading and most widely distributed brand by 2010. CUSTOMER ORIENTATION Nestle is the customer oriented company from its foundation to till now. In 1866 it introduced the food for babies who were unable to breastfeed, and this formula saved the lives of many children. Due to the customer’s realization over the company, Nestles production and sales rose in the wartime economy. The quality of the products ultimately enhances the quality of the consumer’s life. In addition, Nestle has the ability to anticipate â€Å"†¦consumer’s needs and create solutions†¦. † Nestle has proven this ability a number of times by introducing new products that were required by consumers. Nestle is one of the few companies to have an information system that commits the company to respond to information requested. MARKETING ENVIRONMENT [pic] NESTLE’S MICROENVIRONMENT 1) SUPPLIERS ? Nestle is a corporate member of the National Minority Supplier Development Council. ? It has established the relationship with many suppliers. They don’t have any specific suppliers. Moreover it includes different and a large number of suppliers for obtaining raw materials. CUSTOMERS Consumer markets are important for all organizations by marketing perspective but for Nestle it is too important because ? It is related to food and beverage industry. ? Worldwide consumer markets ? Consumed in the 85 countries of the world ? Not only large but also dynamic ? Completely focusing on changing behavior ? Fictitious product will also have a consumer market 2) COMPETITORS Every company tries to provide greater value and satisfaction than its competitor do. Following are the main competitors of the Nestle Company ? Mitchell’s ? Shezan ? Rafhan ? National etc Threats of competition come from external environment. To improve its Competitive position Nestle has made joint ventures with its competitors. NESTLE’S MACRO ENVIRONMENT a) SOCIAL CULTURAL FORCES ? Nestle uses recognized safe raw materials and processes them with minimal energy input. ? An eco-friendly device is the use of perforations around labels to make them easy to remove. ? For advertising and sales promotions, it tries to reduce waste in the POP advertising materials. The raw material that nestle use in their products is according to our society and Islamic culture. TECHNOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ? Currently nestle is using high technology and machinery which is one of the key to success for the Nestle. It gives them the competitive advantage. ? Nestle uses better technology and machinery, it gives the customers the healthy and clean environment so the consumers buy their products more and they gain profit. With technological environment there is no wastage of time ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Currently Nestle is at prosperity stage of Business Cycle. The major economic factor which can affect the sale of Nestle products in Pakistan is inflation. POLITICAL LEGAL FORCES ? Nestle supports appropriate voluntary initiatives designed to protect the environment. ? Nestle promotes balanced environmental laws and regulations opposes unjustified prohibitions and other discriminatory measures. b) DEMOGRAPHIC ENVIRONMENT ? Nestle products are for everyone and for all group of people. ? These products are usable by all categories of people, having different ages but especially children MARKETING OFFERING We are making a marketing plan of Nestle Delicious Jam. The launch of Nestle Delicious JAM in Pakistan will provide the customer with the best jam full of nutrients. In Pakistan, the launching of delicious and appetizing JAM with the brand name of Nestle will generate huge revenue. EFFECT OF EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ON NESTLE DELICIOUS JAM ? In short, factors of macro environment affect microenvironment. The major problem that may affect can be economic environment that includes inflation in Pakistan which is increasing day by day. Due to this, there is rise in price level. It can have an impact on the customer’s purchasing decision. The other problems may be poverty, unemployment, deficit, economic instabilities. ? Government has their specific rules and regulations. E. g. every product has retail price+ tax. When the new govt. changes its tax policy, the company also changes their rules. MARKETING RESEARCH AND MARKETING INFORMATION At Nestle, we believe that research can help us make better food so that people live a better life. The role of the Nestle Research Center, is to help fulfill Nestles vision of making good food central to enjoying a good healthy life for consumers everywhere. Different marketing programs are initiated and planned for every product of Nestle. With the Blend of primary data and secondary data Nestle formulates strategies for every product, and also for every country of the world. Nestle use three basic methods for obtaining the primary data. ? Observation ? Experiment ? Survey OBSERVATION Nestle observes the attitudes, lifestyles and behaviors of the people residing in every different country of the world. Nestle also observes the major changes in the socioculture environment and hit the target through Nestle products which are needed to be present in the market. EXPERIMENT As Nestle spends huge amount of money on research in Lab experiments in order to produce and provide better taste products in the market. Nestle do the experiments in order to clearly determine the better tastes and other ingredients and nutrition’s of its products. And emphasis on the Lab experiments ? Nestle keeps on investing in Research and more than 3000 people around the world work to improve, find, and discover food that is better for all of consumers so that consumers can live a better life. ? Nestle always keeps an eye on its competitors and basically greatly rely on competitive intelligence SURVEY Nestle also conduct surveys for better understanding of the consumer behavior, and stay up to mark according to the desires of the consumers which help in better planning and implementation of marketing mix as per required by the domestic and international market. So here for our new fictitious product we used this method for obtaining the primary data. In this way we came to know about the point of view and acceptance related to our product in the minds of people. There will be no demographic segmentation for Nestle Delicious Jam. If we look Nestle Jam demographic segmentation, then we will find that our product will be for everyone. People from any area, any culture, any age, any sex, any belief and any income will purchase our Nestle Jam. It is not any luxury item which will be used by a specific people. TARGET MARGET The target market will be up to 60 years of age and the core target will be between 10-30 years of age. A specific demographic target market will not be chosen for Nestle Jam; instead the goal is to develop a product to be used by consumers of all ages from babies to seniors. It will be intended as a family product especially for families who work and have a short time for making meal or breakfast. VALUE PROPOSITION Nestle will use some competitive advantages or important attributes which will help in occupying a good position in consumers mind relative to competing jams. These competitive advantages are as follow 1) CUSTOMER ORIENTED Customer satisfaction is the focal point for the company. They will provide the hygienic products to their customers. Products will be verified by health and safety measures and international quality standards. Its will provide different flavor to the customers and different offers which will the Nestle jam a competitive advantage. 2) NESTLE LOGO FAMILY BRAND Jam will use Nestle brand name and the logo of Nestle Delicious Jam which will show family care to consumer which is enough to attract the customer. Thats why customer will give it preference on other products. 3) COMMUNICABLE Nestle Delicious Jam will be a brand of Nestle which will show a big sign of quality to customers. Due to its brand and name it will be very easy to communicate. CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR Consumer behavior towards the Nestle Jam could be in terms of the choice among the flavors. Some customers would choose the one fruit flavor, while some customers would like the flavor of two fruits. ? Consumers could be loyal towards their favorite flavors and could have preference of one flavor of jam on the other flavor. ? Consumers would buy the Nestle Jam keeping in mind the quality and cost of the jam relative to those of competing products. The consumer behavior will be more satisfactory towards the jam if the taste and quality of the jam matches the consumers’ expectations. CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT Nestle jams will build profitable customer relationship by providing them best taste best health at very best price. We are going to produce a jam with number of important vitamins, iron, nutrition and lot and lots of health and taste. We are going to give best flavors which no one provides. We use good food colors so in short we give them value and satisfactions to build a profitable customer relationship by letting them feel ‘we care’. STRATEGY FOR CAPTURING VALUES Our philosophy and strategy to capture values will be to | |Win consumers trust. | | |Understand consumers nutritional and emotional preferences. Serving our consumers and improving their quality of life. | | |Giving them value satisfaction and healthy nutrition. | | |Change our product according to need of customer. | | |Our strategy starts and ends with the consumer. | Consumer Relationship Marketing lies at the heart of Nestle Consumer Services. We will strive to build a long-term, sustainable relationship of trust and loyalty. We will develop our products based on consumer tastes and preferences, we will get profit and it will generate our capital. 4P’s OF MARKETING MIX PRODUCT PRODUCT LINE Nestle jam would include in confectionaries. It is provided in different flavors. These flavors include mango, orange, plum, rose, apple, mix fruit, apple orange, and mango orange. PACKAGING Nestle will design and produce the jam bottles and the wrappers by keeping focus on the following purposes: ? To contain and protect the food products. ? For the attractiveness of the product using packing of the product as a tool. ? As nestle is relevant to food products which are highly perishable so packaging focuses on storage and convenience. ? Its packaging will be reusable by the customers. E. g. nestle bottles obtained from bottled jam. Packaging will be made more impressive especially by increasing the volume of bottles. LABELING ? Nestle labeling will focus on persuasiveness. ? Nestle will not give any expressed warranty on its daily usable Jam as it gives on medical products ? Nestle Delicious Jams label will give all information about their product like ingredients which will be used in it and all instructions regarding product. ? Retail price will also be shown on its label BRAND Nestle products use the brand name Nestle. The customer who come to purchase nestle products, the name of this brand affects positively in the mind of consumer. They prefer Nestle jam to other brands. 1) BRAND MARK As Nestle is a company purely related to food industry and it uses the symbol that includes three sparrows in nest. 2) TRADE MARK No other company will be able to use the name Nestle for himself because Nestle has been registered as a trade mark. BRANDING STRATEGY OF NESTLE JAM Nestle brand name will present a message of caring which make it distinctive and attractive than other companies. Delicious Jams brand is good food for good life. The message of family protection will be enough to get the attraction of customer. The Nestles brand name is easy to understand translate. It is easy to pronounce and it is also easy to recognize. We will use the same brand mark for our new product that is three sparrows in nests PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE OF JAMS If we look at jams in product life cycle then it is easy to judge that they are at maturity stage. Because jam market has become the pioneer market and at this stage its profit is positive and sales do not decrease because jams companies reinvent their products in terms of packaging, labeling, and vitamins and continue to add values into their products to capture values from customers. There exists high competition among jams companies so they need high distribution and promotion expenses. [pic] PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE OF NESTLE JAM Nestle jam will start from the introduction stage. Nestle jam will be the market pioneer and at this stage its profit will be negative or low due to low sale and high distribution and promotion expenses. Other major reason to be at introduction stage may be unawareness in rural and urban areas. The people will not be aware of the nestle jam, that’s why their sale may be low. To increase their sale they will continue to bring changes in product life cycle by effective promotion and by formulating new price strategies etc. so it will have a long maturity period. PRICE ? In setting the price of product, the company will follow four steps procedure as given below ? Company will establish its objectives (Survival, max. supposed profit, revenue, sale growth etc) ? Company will determine the demand schedule which will show the probable quantity purchased per period at alternative price ? Company will estimate how their costs will vary at different output levels. ? Company will examine the competitor’s price PRICING STRATEGY MARKETING SKIMMING PENETRATION PRICING This strategy is used in any company when it launched a new product. And it offers a high price for new product to skim maximum earning more profit and revenue and in this way company makes fewer but more profitable sales. While other pricing is used by those company which is non branding and need to increase market share, to capture value from customer, to attract customer when they launched new product in market. In our case we will use penetration pricing strategy to capture value from customer, to attract them and to increase our share because there is a lot of brand present in market whose product of jam is bought by people in large amount like national, Michal n Shezan and they already have capture market share in large amount BY PRODUCT We will use by product pricing strategy for nestle with the penetration. We will offer kitkat to our customers in introduction phase, because we are more focusing on children and in this way we can easily attract people for our nestle jam. PRICING OBJECTIVES The objectives for pricing nestle jam are as follows: ? To achieve a target return ? To maximize profit ? Stabilize prices to meet competition ? Market share Leadership ? Product Quality Leadership FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRICE OF NESTLE JAMS The following are the some factors that may affect the price of Nestle Jams ? Expensive technology ? Miserable condition of transportation and roads ? The unstable politicians, which can have positive and negative effect on the price ? The labor cost is low in Pakistan as compare to the others ? Advertisement cost ? Increase in taxes that may affect the price of product PLACE As far as the distribution is concerned, NESTLE will make segmentation with respect demographic and geographic basis. The distribution network needs to be more extended; NESTLE will hire more potential distributors for the distribution of NESTLE Delicious Jam in several parts of the country so that their product will reach to every corner of the country. RETAILING Retailers plays a very important role in the sale of nestle products. Nestle does not directly its products to the end consumers. Nestle has different retailers at different levels. RETAILERS CLASSIFIED BY MARKETING STRATEGIES Mostly nestle delicious jam will be sold on the department stores. Because these stores sell the Nestle’s products in a large quantity. 2) SUPERMARKETS Nestle will sell its fictitious product on the supermarkets. 3) CONVENIENCE STORES To facilitate the consumer nestle will selling Delicious jam by the convenience stores. A very large portion of the sale can be sold on convenience stores. CHANNEL OF DISTRIBUTION DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Nestle do not sell the product directly. It sells its products by indirect distribution channel. [pic] VERTICAL MARKETING SYSTEM Nestle uses corporate vertical marketing system. MULTIPLE DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS Nestle adopts multiple distribution channels due to Size of the buyers. We would also use the same distribution channels for our fictitious product that the Nestle company is recently using e. g. ; Indirect distribution channel, Vertical marketing system, Multiple distribution channels. PROMOTION Thus company will hire, train and motivate sales people. It will set up communication and promotion programs consisting of advertising, direct marketing, sales promotion and public relation as mentioned below. Dawn, Nawa-e-Waqat, Jung and in some journals for promotional purposes. It will advertise on electronic media Broad cast media e. g. TV, Radio which will be more attractive as compare to the advertisement of competitor product and Nestle will also use billboards and printed ads for retailers, moreover the company has got a website on which is Nestle will provide special offers to the distributors. When they lunched new juice brand, they offer buy one pack and get one free to distributors. Nestle can use the same strategy for Nestle Delicious Jam. They will offer free trial of the newly introducing jam to the general public. PROMOTION MIX STRATEGY In consumer products the management of Nestle believes in pull strategy i. e. creating pull through advertising. So we will use the pull strategy to promote the sale of Nestle Delicious Jam through media. STRATEGIC PLANNING BCG MATRIX FOR CURRENTLY PRODUCING SBU’S STARS The two Sbu’s, Mineral water and Confectioneries fall into this category of the BCG. These SBU’s have high market share and high industry growth rate. These Sbu’s are requiring lots of investment to compete in the growing market. For example, lots of money is being spent and aggressive marketing strategies have been implemented for the Mineral water to build and maintain market share. Nestle Pure Life has captured 50 % of the bottled-water market in Pakistan since it was introduced in 1998. Its approximate sales for 1999 are RS. 70, 401000. This sales figure is quite impressive as the sales rose quite high in only one year. It is predicted that there will be additional growth in the mineral water category in coming years. The sales of the confectioneries rose to RS. 106,559 000 from RS. 87,758 000. The huge increase of RS. 18, 801 000 puts this SBU in the stars category and shows its increasing market share. There is a growing market for the products in confectioneries for example Kitkat (eventhough it’s imported), Polo Smarties etc. This can be proven from the fact that Nestle keeps introducing new products in this category for example Allen’s Soothers were launched during the last quarter of 1998. CASHCOWS Milk products, Coffee and Dietetic and Infant food have a high market share and are doing business in mature industries. Since the customers of this product category are loyal, the marketing costs of these SBU’s is quite low and as a result a large amount of cash can be generated. Customer Loyalty is a must for these Cash cows to maintain their market share. The sales of the Milk products have increased to RS. 108,430000 from RS. 87,758000. This huge increase in sales reflects the high market share of this SBU. However, its growth rate is low because in general this category is in its maturity stage – that is – a number of milk products have been launched by Nestle, most of which are quite old. An innovation has not really been made in this category. The same conclusion can be made about Coffee. There is an already existing market for Coffee which is not increasing further by a large amount. The sales of Coffee were Rs. 46,89 000 in 1999 and Rs. 392,00 000 in 1998. This huge difference shows that a great amount of cash is being generated from this SBU. Sales of Dietetic and Infant food rose to Rs. 60,935 000 from Rs. 52,655 000. The infant foods unit of Nestle is operating in a mature industry. Like the milk products, the infant foods have been around for a long time without barely any new product line being started in this category. QUESTION MARKS Included in this section are the culinary products of the organization. The products such as Maggi 2-minute Noodles and Maggi cold sauces have a low market share and a high growth rate. These products especially the cold sauces are operating in a highly competitive market. The approximate sales were Rs. 79,919 000 in 1999 and Rs. 60,818 000 in 1998. This figure represents a great potential for growth in future. However, in contrast, the market share of the products in this category is not very high currently. A reason for this is that Nestle just recently introduced cold sauces such as â€Å"Emily sauce† etc. However the enthusiasm, with which the customers received the different flavors of sauces, portrays a very high potential for future growth. The firm needs to focus on differentiating its products in the competitive market to gain customers. DOGS Chocolate and Fruit drinks fall into this category and they possess a low market share and a low growth rate. Chocolate drinks had sales of Rs. 19639000 in 1999, which rose from Rs. 19541000 in 1998. This is quite a small increase considering the rise in the sales of other SBU’s. However, the chocolate drinks are still profitable so the firm does not have to worry about liquidating or getting rid of this SBU. The sales of Fruit drinks rose to Rs. 40,620 000 in 1999 from Rs. 38,103 000 in 1998. There has been a small amount of increase; however it is not a lot compared to other SBU’s. Firstly, there is not a huge market for chocolate drinks in Pakistan. People usually tend to buy light juices like apple or orange juice or Pepsi instead of chocolate drinks. Secondly, regarding the fruit juices, there are not a lot of flavors available currently in this category. Nestle needs to introduce new flavors such as apple, grape etc. to capture the market that prefer these flavors. This will not only increase the sales of the SBU, but it will also increase its market share. At the moment, additional amount of money is not being invested in these SBU’s, as they are not very profitable. Nestle is currently trying to maximize profits from this category by minimizing expenditures and by differentiating the product to build market share. BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG) MATRIX FOR DELICIOUS JAM It will lay in question mark because it may be possible that many people will not be aware of this newly made product which will show the low sale of this product in starting. So it may have low growth in beginning period. Different strategies will be made for the promotion of this product and the firm will focus on differentiating its products in the competitive market to gain customers. The introduction of new variety in terms of features, packaging, labeling and flavor may lead to the high future growth rate. In the start the market share would be low and after penetration it will increase its share in market. DEVELOPING STRATEGY FOR GROWTH AND DOWNSIZING From the matrix of Market Expansion Grid, for the company growth, the strategy of diversification will be applied for the Nestle Jam because the company is starting up with the product outside the company’s current products and markets. SWOT ANALYSIS OF NESTLE JAM STRENGTHS ? The only brand in the area maintaining its quality and taste and having the same impact on its customer ? Economical ? Delicious jam in market with many flavors Concentrating on distributing areas will increase sales ? Increase in product line by offering different flavors. THREATS ? Sharing of segments by the competitors RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI) ? A Nestle Company can assess the return on investment in terms of standard marketing performance measures, such as brand awareness and sales or market shares of the Nestle Jam. ? Nestle Jam will use sales and share data to evaluate specific advertisement campaigns which will depict real-life scenarios of consumers using different flavored jams. Nestle will use customer-centered measures of marketing, such as customer acquisition, customer retention and customer lifetime value that will produce returns in the form of more profitable customer relationships. ? Moreover, the marketing investments could result in improved customer value and satisfaction, which, in turn, will increase customer attraction and retention. This will increase individual customer lifetime values and the company’s overall customer equity. Increased customer equity, in relation to the cost of the marketing investments, will determine the return on marketing investments. MARKET IMPLEMENTATION During the manufacturing of the product we would go for its advertising. We would distribute broachers to create awareness. Then we would hire some sign board in different major cities of Pakistan. And at the same time we would go for TV and radio commercials. In all this process our main focus would be on TV commercials and sign boards because now a day these are the most popular things among the consumers. CONCLUSION ? Nestle is one of the latest and pioneer food producing company in Pakistan ? The company is performing very well for the financial point of view so it will spend a huge amount on the promotion of Nestle Delicious Jam ? It is leader in food goods in Pakistan. It will provide best quality of food ? It pays a huge amount annually in the form of taxes to the government of Pakistan ? Company’s distribution channels are very effective.