English for Specific Purposes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

English for Specific Purposes - Essay ExampleThe first studies on special styles were in fact those on memorial, which developed in a Firthian environment. Following strictly in Hallidays footsteps (Halliday, 1978), British linguists identified special registers on the basis of lexical aspects, which they considered sufficient in themselves to distinguish them from parking lot language. For example, the presence of a lexical item such as t ablespoonful was enough to presume that the register was that of recipes or prescriptions (Halliday, McIntosh & Strevens, 1964 Strevens, 1977). However, as recent approaches to special languages have pointed out, differences do not apply to the lexical take aim only, but also concern morph syntactic choices and textual and pragmatic organization (Swales, 1990 Gotti, 1991 Bhatia, 1993). The social context of use (and therefore the aim) of each of the subdivisions of ESP exerts a strong influence on the linguistic strategies which are to be adop ted. Therefore situational and functional requirements direct linguistic choices such as lexical density, the complexity and the length of article structure, the degree of formality and the management of information, to name but a few.The most important d... cate a fate of professional skills and to perform English and are learning the language in edict to communicate a set of professional skills and to perform particular job-related functions. An ESP program is therefore built on an estimation of purposes and take and the functions for which English is required.ESP concentrates more on language in context than on breeding grammar and language structures. It covers subjects varying from accounting or computer science to tourism and business management. The ESP focal point is that English is not taught as a subject separated from the students real world (or wishes) instead, it is coordinated into a subject matter area important to the learners.However, ESL and ESP diverge not o nly in the nature of the learner, but also in the aim of instruction. In fact, as a general rule, darn in ESL all four language skills listening, reading, speaking, and writing, are stressed equally, in ESP it is a needs analysis that determines which language skills are most needed by the students, and the syllabus is designed accordingly. An ESP program, might, for example, show the development of reading skills in students who are preparing for graduate work in business administration or it might promote the development of spoken skills in students who are studying English in order to become tourist guides.As a matter of fact, ESP combines subject matter and English language teaching. Such a combination is highly motivating because students are able to apply what they learn in their English classes to their main field of study, whether it be accounting, business management, economics, computer science or tourism. Being able to use the vocabulary and structures that they learn in a meaningful context reinforces what is taught and

States often employ the media to mobilize support for war efforts Essay

States often make use of the media to mobilize support for war efforts. Discuss the processes at stake in relation to Gulf struggle II - Essay ExampleThis phenomenon is obviously not new. The experience of the armed forces of the United States in the post-Cold warf ar illustrates that triumph on the combat zone is rarely as effortless as overpowering the obstructer by military might. From the time of the Civil War at least, subjective arguments related to the influence of the media on American wars have generated debate among journalists, scholars, the military, and government authorities as they carry on arguing the fictional character and solutions of the media (Katovsky & Carlson 2004). Traditionally, debate over the issue of the role and influence of the media has become especially serious when home(a) policies carrying out the conflict are seen as being either weakening, or very slow to build their political goals (Lewis & Rose 2002) to the detriment of increasing fatalit ies. Under such conditions, opponents of the media have been traditional in charging the put right of editorial prejudice that weakens public support for war efforts, whereas most journalists have been similarly traditional in justifying that they are only realistically presenting what they witness and observe (Smith 1992). This issue perhaps acquired its most rigorous judge and evaluation after the Vietnam War, when the influence of the media over national polity and public support became the topic of several(prenominal) concerned groups, conferences, academic conventions, and innumerable publications (Murphy & White 2007). Quite distressing was this series of stern examinations that the issue of media prejudices and its effect on public support and national policy throughout the Vietnam War persists to emerge as a permanent point of comparison (Murphy & White 2007) at once every time the United States has engage in later conflicts. This controversial debate is again apparent i n present-day comparisons of the news reporting of the Vietnam War with that of the second Persian Gulf War, awakening new discussions concerning media influence over national policy and public support (Katovsky & Carlson 2004). Due to this resurfacing debate, it is suitable and important to reevaluate the influence and role of the media in modern conflicts. This paper focuses on the function of the media as an instrument to mobilize public support for war efforts, specifically focusing on the second Persian Gulf War. The Process of Political Persuasion or overt Support Mobilization Persuasion is essential to the discipline of Media and International Relations because a great have of it concerns persuasion. Scholars investigate persuasion by examining attitudinal mechanisms after disclosure of certain information (Johansen & Joslyn 2008). A major squeeze of persuasion takes place when transformations in the information setting are followed by attitudinal changes. Opinions about President bush and his campaign against Iraq altered significantly prior and during the preliminary stages of the war as the government justified its design (Johansen & Joslyn 2008). What spurred these attitudinal changes was public recognition of particular information circulated by the administration of Bush and extensively covered by the news media. Apparently, the source of information is vital in persuasion. Information sources deemed as truthful, sincere, or credible are more influential than doubtful

What Impact Has Corporate Power Had On The Social World Essay

What Impact Has Corporate Power Had On The amicable World - Essay ExampleTo meet this desire of the stakeholders most of the integrated houses have a stipulate set of tender goals which is treated as a donation of the overall business activities. Nowadays, the objectives of the business merchant ship no more be limited to achieving business profits. It cannot be considered as a money generating mold set up with the sole purpose of profit generation. Previously, the businesses were established with some short bourn goals with lilliputian concern for the long term scenario. However, in the current environment the focus of the business has shifted from short term to long term perspective. This renewed focus is beneficial for the companies as well as the rules of order in general. In fact the businesses now play a significant utilization in the society. They take part in a number of social activities. The companies direct a significant amount of funds towards achieving the soci al needs. The funds ar used for the development of schools, institutions, parks, etc. The big corporate houses sponsor sports and cultural programs. The corporate actively indulge in functions other than pursuing their business interests. The companies thus play an important role in the development of the society. Various factors in the society have led to the creation of a mode that foster the criticism and prosperity of the business. While some of these factors ar inter-related yet again there are some factors that are independent. Affluence and Education- The two factors- education and affluence have developed alongside. The empowerment of the society has raised the expectations from institutions like the businesses. Affluence includes aspects like wealth level, disposable income and livelihood standard of the society. The measures of standard of living in US suggest a continuous growth over the decades however this growth has curtailed in the last five years. Besides a risin g standard of living an improvement in the pro forma education has also raised the expectations of the society. A combination of these factors has laid the foundations of a society that encourages criticisms of the business. Increased sense through internet and video recording- Though the reach of the print media is limited, the electronic media i.e. television is accessible to a wider populace. The television facilitates transmission of the information to wider audiences thereby creating an environment of business criticism. News programs The business criticism appears on the electronic media in three ways. Firstly, this is through the news shows and investigative programs. A study conducted by the Corporate temper Watch senior executives highlights that media criticism and irresponsible or unethical behavior can be a serious threat to the reputation of a company. While a majority of the business leaders are of the view that the news programs are against them and therefore over state the facts and exaggerate the issue but the journalist intoxicate it in a different light. The

New Business Concept Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

New Business Concept - Assignment ExampleThey are able to fix piece of furniture at significantly lower set compared to regular purchases of furniture.The nearby resident area where flatbed sprawl in numbers are the main bespeak market place of Furniture Unlimited. The target market universe apartment dwellers belongs in the lower middle class segment and therefore is culture medium to impairment which is advantageous to Furniture Unlimited because its furniture are more than cost effective compared to the regular price of furniture. Its proximity to the market is also advantageous in reducing cost as freight depreciate entrust be relatively lower due to the short distance of the business to the market.If the customer is sensitive to cost, they could get the most value to their money because many of the furniture sold are heavily give the axeed it being a second hand. They also have a choice of low priced brand new furniture with the same advantage of procuring them at l ower cost.Furnitures Unlimited leave behind differentiate from its competitors in terms of pricing. Its target market are apartment dwellers who are price sensitive and it will make the business more attractive to this market segment by lowering its price significantly. This can be done by offering more choice of excellent quality second hand furniture at prices which customers cannot compete. Competitors who would take over in price war with Furniture Unlimited cannot compete because the furniture were bought at a discount while theirs were bought at a premium, it being brand new.The company set up shall Limited financial obligation Corporation to protect its owners from liability in case the company will not be successful. It will be managed both by John and Alex. John being a business major will serve as the general manager and will oversee the business. Alex is a furniture expert who would tell that the second hand furniture sold to customers are still of excellent

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 25

ism - Essay Example, the spirit of existingity is a weave of material and immaterial realm in a spectrum of paradox that is meaningful not only because of its pragmatic value, but also because of its significance and worthy in our quest for truth and meaning.The nature of humans knowledge is the basis or source of human knowledge which deals with the questions what do you know? How do you know? And how do you know that you know? Being such, the nature of human knowledge is a aggregate between rationalism, which asserts that knowledge is gained by relying on reason but as it provides us with clear and distinct ideas. While, empiricism affirms that knowledge is attained through experience (Velasquez 353). This blend attests to the notion that the nature of human knowledge is such that it necessitates the use of both reason and experience. This is necessary as both reason and experience provide the solid basis with which persons avers what they claim they know.Science is one of t he tools that kick human beings to understand the rudiments of physical nature. At the same time, it affords us a means with which something real can be ascertained. However, as science tries in providing frameworks with which physical nature is known and is understood, what cannot be underscored is the detail that science is hounded by the bias and leanings of its players. As such, putting into question the concepts and frameworks of science itself since it is claimed that saucily beliefs or new systems are made to fit existing scientific paradigms (Velasquez 454). In this regard, the question pertinent to the limits of science points not on what physical nature holds but on the limits of the human players of science.What is the good life?This question has preoccupied philosophers since the ancient period. Looking at it from the perspective of Ethics, the good life may be reached by reflecting on ones own personal moral standards or the moral standards of the society where one belongs. However, as one reflects on

Factors Of Selecting A Destination Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Factors Of Selecting A Destination - Coursework ExampleIssues concerning the safety of tourists are as centre as they are profound. Most studies that examine the relationship between tourism, act of terrorism and semipolitical stability likewise yield issues that arise due to war and crime. The inquiry remains, notwithstanding, whether these studies shed sufficient light on the modern understanding of how global tourism survives in political violence or terrorism. Without any doubt, even its bustling and valuable economic impact does not shield global tourism from the vile force of terrorism (Buhalis et al., 2006, p.33). While many natural or human-ca designd events can altogether effect the growth of tourism, security issues, and political turmoil scare potential tourists. The relationship between tourism and terrorism involves many aspects possible interventions to control security risks, effects of terrorism on tourism demand, and motives of targeting certain tourists. The trepidation of unexpected terrorist activities is not new, nevertheless rather the attention it has commanded traces back to ten years ago. In recent events, the 1991 Persian Gulf war and other related global worldwide terrorism refocused consideration on the subject (Snmez, 1998, p.1). On respective(a) occasions, terrorist assaults have been experienced in other parts of the world. These violence activities have pushed the tourism and travel intentness to come up with travel paradigm shifts hence making tourism security a heavy consideration for all tourists. Vital inquiries remain how do places characterized political difficulties handle the negative image? How does the tourism industry at large deal with the emergence of political turmoil? By what method would governments use to curb terrorism and political instability? Subsequently, this paper endeavors to discuss factors to be considered by tourists while selecting a destination. Politics is a major risk

Feasibility of Foreign Retail Firms Entering India Case Study

Feasibility of Foreign Retail Firms go in India - Case Study ExampleWhile formulating the strategies, the organizations leader and the management team will firstly come out at the factors that may aid them to make a successful entry. After analyzing the positive factors, the firms will or should have to analyze the argufys that may impede their entry. As every abroad market or surface area will have different political, social, scotch and legal conditions as well as different customers, competitors, potential employees, etc, etc, there will be many challenges, which will block the firms success. Also, there will be dry land specific challenges as well as industry-specific challenges in those foreign markets.For example, the Asian country of India has some clean-cut aspects, which will surely act as an advantage as well as a challenge for the new firms, who are planning to enter it. Likewise, the sell industry in India also has some organic favourable factors as well as imp ediments particularly in the political, social, legal and scotch spheres, which may assist or impede foreign-invested retail firms entry. This paper will analyse India and the opportunities and risks, it presents for the retail firms.Globalization is having major impacts on the economic sphere of many developing countries like India, working as a catalyst for economic development. Globalization turned out to be a godsend opportunity to these countries. That is, these countries opened up their markets and invited foreign companies with a slew of schemes and benefits. India has also become part of the global plans of many organizations mainly due to globalization. That is, when globalization or liberation made its entry into in the early 1990s, it opened the door for foreign companies including retail firms (but with caps) to reach India, benefiting both the Indian people and the companies. India has been pursuing the Mode 1 globalization strategy since the economic reforms began u nder P.V. Narasimha Rao and Manmohan Singh in 1991. Despite several changes of government and difficulties in implementation, the essential aspects of this international economic strategy have been maintained (Sen 2000).

The European Colonialism in 16th century to mid 20th Research Paper

The European Colonialism in 16th century to mid(prenominal) 20th - Research Paper ExampleAs the discussion outlines by the mid-19th century, the powerful British pudding stone dropped mercantilism as well as trade lodge inrictions followed by the introduction of free trade with truly few restrictions and tariffs. African countries were the major victims of colonization. The main aim of the colonial rule was to exploit the colonys economy and repatriate them to their home countries making the colony depend on them.This study highli9ghts that colonialism can be defined as the policy and practice of a power to extend and take control everywhere weaker people specifically during the process of European settlement along with political control over the rest of the world. Osterhammel defined colonialism as the essence and the existence of colonies, which were governed in a different form from other territories with a relationship existing between the indigenous majority and a minority o f foreign intruders. The colonial rulers utilise the fundamental decisions that affected the lives of the colonies. There are two forms of colonialism settler colonialism involves immigration on a extensive scale mainly inspired by religion, politics or economic reasons and exploitation colonialism that involves few colonialists that accent on accessing resources such as labor and materials for export. Colonialism has a long history starting with the African empires in the pre-colonial error in Egypt, Phoenix,, Greece and Roman where colonies were built in antiquity. The word colony comes from the Latin colonies that mean a place for agriculture. The Vietnamese created military colonies south of their original territory between the 11th and eighteenth century absorbing the territory. The modern colonialism started with the age of Discovery where Portugal and Spain had discovered new links across the oceans and ceremonious trading posts.

Back to reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Back to reality - Essay ExampleThe primary focus of this paper, therefore, is to examine probable challenges that institutions may encounter while developing sourcing strategies and the issues they would need to consider developing relationships with key suppliers, and providing suggestions about how these problems capacity be addressed or mitigated. Background The buckrams in Europe and US often outsourced Asian countries with move production cost such as china which is estimated to host over 6600 companies which have been outsourced there (Wright, 2009). As such, it is common to have a firm dealing with electronics, but it has subcontracted and outside source to handle the rape and logistics of the finished products to the market, an opposite case can be a firm dealing with vehicles, but it plainly supplies the parts and subcontracts an outside source to deal with the assembling. This, however, does not come without challenges, a firms relationship with its suppliers is he nce vital in promoting productivity and effectiveness, having a third part supply resources or services that are hypercritical in the final products of the firm requires considerable mutual trust and understanding. It is hence incumbent of any formation to apply the ruff and near practical sourcing strategies to meet their goals and objectives. Sourcing strategies by definition are the move an organization undertakes to ensure they have the best suppliers and they nurture the supplier relationships to maximize the value for the firm (Rendon, 2005). As such, most organizations have sourcing programs that are unique to their needs, services or the goods offered, notably while, some have deliberately puts these strategies others office them without being aware of it. Such is to say that organizations have sourcing strategy whether they know it or not, this is because owning to the nature of their air, over the year a firm will repeatedly uses the strategies that have proven suc cessful in remember and by so doing will be following a covert sourcing strategy. Like any other strategy, a sourcing strategy can be Strategic, ergo effective, goal and objective oriented, on the other hand, depending on the competence of those managing the firm, it can be ineffective and inefficient. Naturally, each is an ideal extreme since no firm can be very efficient and neither can any firm be richly inefficient and yet continue to exist (Wheaton, 2008). As such, most strategies lie somewhere between with the best being closest to efficient and vice versa, sourcing program can either be strategic or meet its goals and objectives or it can be unproductive, ineffective, and poorly planned (Wheaton, 2008). Considering that the cost, quality and effectiveness of the goods or sore materials a firm is supplied with is directly reflected in its financial and operational results, it is only natural that thought and apparent movement and time be devoted in the understanding of the various challenges that firms may encounter in the process and their possible solutions. Challenges and Solutions Creating Competition One of the considerations a firm needs to make before it commences any business transaction with supplies or outside sources is the potential for the supplier to become competition in posterity. This is because by pickings these contracts,

High School English Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

High schooling slope Experience - Essay ExampleBeing a member of the Middle East region, I personally have experienced the difficulties the non- side of meat address communities undergo predominantly while living in an English speaking country as well as while rendering ones operate at a multinational organization. Being the citizen of one of the Arab states, I did not have English speaking background altogether consequently, having least knowledge about this international language was certainly a infixed phenomenon. While recalling my school years to my mind, it becomes evident that a large majority of my school-mates had been undergoing the same problem of having just about no knowledge or information about English language. Somehow, it was my elder sister that not still provided me with information about this foreign language, but also laid stress upon learning the same. I had obtained an luck of seeking the knowledge of English from my intermediate years. Our dedicated pro fessor at college increased the passion of getting acquainted with the basics of English in his students. However, his immediate departure and replacement with a non-serious and demanding instructor fall my passion for learning English to a great extent, and feelings of not getting able to learn English started haunting my thoughts subsequently. Though the hopes of embarking upon the process of learning English appeared to be losing ground, when I got a job at a multinational company, where speaking in English was the only source of communication partly because of the rattling reality that the employees at the company belonged to divergent nationalities and regions of the globe working under the same environment. Though English was not the primary language of all co-workers nonetheless, almost all people could convey their message by speaking some words and phrases of English language. As a result, the idea of having command of the language make its certain place in my mind subse quently in order to make sure read/write head on the way to making achievements in professional life and career. In the meantime, I proceeded to the USA for high education, and emphasized upon paying due heed in the learning of language. I had got admission at Ashland University, where the care of sincere and devoted teachers during my under graduation years turned out to be extremely confirming in respect of obtaining understanding of the language in a skillful and proficient manner, though I experienced serious challenges on the way to obtaining command over the subject actually. As a result, I developed great taste for English language and literature. Actually in Arabic language, there is no helping verb, and the structure of sentences is sort of different one in comparison with English. The concept of definite and perplexing articles i.e. a, an and the, as well as appearance of subject in the beginning of sentences are also quite different ones in my primary language i.e. Arabic. Somehow, developing taste for the great literary giants including Shakespeare, Milton, Pope, Coleridge, Keats, Jane Austen and Emily Bronte etc wide receptive new horizons of knowledge before my eyes, and I was determined to elect English 100 as an nonobligatory subject in my four year graduate program.

Moving Away from Traditional Transaction-Based Financial Information Essay

Moving Away from Traditional Transaction-Based Financial cultivation to Technologically Based Non-Financial Information - Essay ExampleMany businesses have in the recent times shifted their focus from using the tralatitious transaction-based financial information towards using technologically based non-financial information (Agresti, 2002). This has been largely due to the fact that the traditional approaches usually limit themselves through the definition of their cost behaviors in the terms of their production on with gross sales level (Burns and Baldvinsdottir, 2007). The traditional methods were mostly utilized for the purposes of giving reports when the valuations of the items in their income statements and balance sheets (Zhou, 2012). The method also had so many restrictions as the statements prepared were supposed to comply with the GAAP principles. As a result of world outdated in their practices the governing body of the solicitude discipline brought more technological advances that would have helped in resolving the issue (Cooper, 2009). Additionally, in the recent past there has been a great shift by the forethoughts of businesses across the globe towards the use of technologically based non-financial pieces of information (Burns and Baldvinsdottir, 2007). ... These two types of change at bottom the management field are evident simultaneously across many businesses along with nerves (Burns and Baldvinsdottir, 2007). Reports indicate that such an situation might occur because both of these changes may be subjected to the same types of normative pressures though they are essentially mutually independent (Agresti, 2002). The management accounting profession has in the modern world changed their views on versatile aspects that affect their operations. For instance, less emphasis has recently been placed on the acquisition of technical knowledge along with the traditional skills of doing business (Burns and Baldvinsdottir, 2007). The new dece ase of the management accountant thus relies on his ability of translation non-financial information for the benefit of a business entity or organization (OSullivan, 2010). This has made the management accountants new work to be described as involving the offering of consultancy services to the internal operations of a business. Change within the management profession has also been driven by the fact that the accountants are currently being convolute in the support of decisions and offering of professional advice to the organization (Agresti, 2002). The advice provided is on the strategic along with operational issues of an organization and the application of special technical skills for the benefit of the organization (Cooper, 2009). The issue of leadership is directly related to the management profession and this implies that the methods applied by the professionals in the field have to change. The change should therefore be aimed at providing an increase in the collaborations b eyond the financing option and working in teams that have multiple purposes in a

Pacific Science Center Long Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Pacific cognition Center Long Report - Essay ExampleFor instance, the marrow squash recently engaged in a 13-month trip dubbed Around the Americas, in an effort to research and forward the opens awareness about the fragile nature of our oceans hence the need to protect and preserve them. The attainment center is also associated with beneficial community based science programs, which are meant to encourage children and the public at large to appreciate the role of science in society. Some of these include the Science Caf and Science on Wheels programs.Further, the center continues to display exhibits that thrill guests and inspire their engagement in scientific projects. One such(prenominal) exhibit is Science on a Sphere, which is an intriguing technological tool that makes use of video projectors and computers to represent animated picture of Earths atmosphere, land and oceans. The center is guided by its strong thrill statement, which asserts that the role of PACSCI is to stir a lifetime interest in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) through notional and interactive science programs and exhibits. The center further envisions communities where adults and children are motivated by science, understand its primary principles, and hire scientific inquiry and knowledge in practical life situations. This paper explores PACSCIs position in the American science museum sector, by using analytical tools like SWOT and competition analysis date further providing recommendations on what the center should do to appeal to a greater audience and maintain its prominence.The Pacific Science Center stemmed from the US Science Pavilion popularized by the Seattle Worlds fairish in 1962. PACSCI is, therefore, a pioneer in the scientific museum sector. This is because the center began as a technology and science depository, with large halls full of interactive scientific demonstrations and practical exhibits, and employees or volunteers trained to respond to guests

Explain the role of the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause Essay

Explain the role of the Fourteenth Amendment&aposs due(p) process clause regarding confessions - Essay ExampleA dwelling refers to any structure that an individuals uses as their residence. It may on a long-term basis such as a residential home or on a short-term basis such as a hotel. another(prenominal) structures that are connected to a house such as a garage and a depot also fall under this category in the tail Amendment but an open field that surrounds the house is out of this scope. Papers refer to an individuals personal documents such as business records, diaries, letters, and certificates. On the other hand, effects refer to the other items that are not persons, houses, or papers. This may include weapons, mordant goods, clothing, and luggage. Almost all items fall under the tail Amendment but what is essential is the determination of whether their search or seizure is apt.In analyzing the role of the Fourth Amendment, it is critical to determine the police activitie s that trigger the protection of the Fourth Amendment. It is also essential to justify the reasons behind the police officers engaging in these activities. A search is referred to as an activity that is conducted with the intention of finding evidence to be used for criminal prosecution. When conducting a search, there should be concern whether the search is a product of a government action. There should also be concerns whether it violates the reasonable expectation of a persons right to privacy. The term seizure usually refers to the keeping of detention of a property to be used as evidence in a criminal procedure. It ordinarily occurs because of a search. The Fourth Amendment focuses on the reasonableness of the search and seizures. It determines if the police were working along with its requirements.According to the Fourth Amendment, not every action of looking for evidence is referred to as a search. A search depends on who is looking for the evidence as well as where it occu rs. Therefore, a

Leading and Managing in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Leading and Managing in Nursing - Essay ExampleThe use of improved technologies enables our ecesis to reduce the risks of the healthcare-associated diseases, helps to identify the individuals who have severe conditions during admission to the hospital. According to Yoder-Wise (2015), the use of better electronic technologies enables the medical exam staff to apply universal protocol to avoid wrong procedures, wrong sites, and wrong patient in non-surgical and surgical procedures.The hospital in New York is among the best in the area because they have a dogmatic plan meant to maintain shade services for the patients since it is essential for the provision of improved healthcare. Our facility has various stiff quality committees that ensure the provision of better services at the health center. The committees in my hospital overwhelm the risk management and patient safety, ethics, infection control, quality of care, and disaster committees among others. The nurses are involved i n the quality committees by complying to the rules and regulations set by the heads of the committees, for instance the ethics committee advocates for patients and members of staff to be treated with follow and provided with affordable health care while the quality care committee ensures that patients are safe and last the right medication when they are sick. Issues are brought to the attention of the quality committee when the patients complain about the cope of a certain employee at the hospital, when the employees feel they are overworked and need more resources and manpower to help in the delivery of services, and when the hospital needs to upgrade their facilities due to advancement in technology.I think the quality improvement process could be enhanced by ensuring that all members of staff are part of at least one or more committees and take part in the decision making roles in order to feel appreciated and strive to meet thegoals and objectives of the facility.

Health Care Spending Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

wellness Care Spending - Essay ExampleYet the citizens of these countries do contrive restitution that is letd by the government. Health Insurance Cost (2004) excessively states that the average employee contribution to company-provided wellness insurance has increased much than 143 percent since 2000. Average out-of-pocket costs for deductibles, co-payments for medications, and co-insurance for physician and hospital visits rose one hundred fifteen percent during the same period. The joined States, with it wealth, education, technology, and power seems not to have a grasp on its health burster spending as it spends twice as much pr capita and yet does not provide what other countries offer to their citizens.Increased health spending is causing many U.S. citizens to have no health insurance as the costs affect care that is offered to patients, public health programs, services provided in the home, and so on Due to these reasons, there is a larger gap between those who are co nsidered the haves and the have-nots. The increased costs, which affects patient care and services, programs offered to the public, in-home care, larger gaps between those who have and those who do not, etc. Yet on the other hand, it is the what comes first the yellowed or the egg syndrome. Many cogitate that the reason the costs are so astounding is referable to the outrageous prices charged by doctors, hospitals, pharmaceuticals, and other health care service providers. Some mass believe that the linked States offers the worlds best health care system. However, being the most expensive system does not Health Care Spending 3necessarily mean that it is the best. The U.S. Health Care System (2001) states that there, 42.6 million people in the U.S. currently without health insurance Anderson (2004) suggests reasons why the spending in the U.S. is so high These overwhelm greater use of medical services, greater administrative complexity in the U.S. health care system, change mag nitude age of the U.S. population, threat of malpractice litigation, defensive medicine, the lack of waiting lists in the United States and higher incomes in the United States. None of these factors explain a large portion of the difference between health spending in the United States and other industrialized countries. Perhaps most surprising to many health care experts and certainly to the lay public is the fact that the United States has fewer hospital days per capita, fewer physician visits per capita, fewer MRIs and CT s cigaretners s than the average industrialized country. The person in the United States is simply not receiving much than medical care than people in many industrialized countries. The major reason why the United States spends so much on health care is that the U.S. residents pay two to three times more for hospital services, physician services and drugs than residents in other industrialized countries. These are the areas in which spending can be cut. It is s uggested that corporations and industries refuse to pay more than what the Medicare program pays. Statistics show that the private sector pays an average of 10-20% more than Medicare. If industries refuse to pay the higher prices and negotiate lower medical and health care costs, this will mortify what individuals have to pay and will encourage Medicare to push for even lower prices. The government can also provide health Health Care

USA Isolationism Essay Example for Free

USA Isolationism EssayFocus areas* What form did Isolationism take?* Why did successive presidents chance they had to follow this policy?* Why did the Isolationism era end?* Was the US truly Isolationist during this period?1. THE base FOR SUPPORT IN AMERICA FOR ISOLATIONISM* Dislike of entanglementFor over 140 years there were no US forces in Europe, and firearmy American wanted to return to this independence from the Western Hemisphere. There was a sense that they needed to escape the corrupted Old World. Many also felt that involvement in WW1 had been a mistake they had been tricked into making by bankers and arms manufacturers. * Sense of self-sufficiencyMany Americans were unaware of the interlinking nature of the American economy and how it relied on the rest of the world. They were happy in the idea that America could add for America and not need to rely on anyone else.* Domestic priori pullsSuccessive Presidents had to follow public judgment and put their emphasis o n home affairs. For example, Roosevelt stressed this nationalistic approach during the depression and in hindsight this is perceivable intervention in trouble might have hindered the New Deal2. THE LIMITS OF ISOLATIONSIM* Economic and cultural influences altogether around the world American influence was being felt in fashions customs. The rest of the world saw US movies, drove Ford cars and drank Coca-Cola. Economically, the USA helped bring stability to countries through investment* Independent internationalityIn reality America was not truly isolationist. They did have contacts and dealings with Europe, Asia S.America, although they make no commitments in the international arena or accepted any limitations on their freedom of action. It was involved in a wide spectrum of affairs e.g. economic expansion, German reparations, naval land disarmaments and international efforts to promote peace. Herbert Hoover was the man who oversaw this policy. He saw that it was vital for Ame rica to have a world fit to trade with.3. THE lend oneself OF ISOLATIONISM IN EUROPE AND LATION AMERICA* Economic assistance to EuropeThe USA loaned money ($110 million) to Germany so they could pay their reparations, which were in turn given back to the Americans by GB and France as payments for war debts. German reparations were also reorganised in 1924 1929 by Charles Dawes and Owen Young. It was seen as being in the interests of America to rebuild Europes economies as they consumed over 60% of Americas exports* International peace agreementsThe Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) was the brainchild of the US Sec of State and the cut Foreign Minister. This was beneficial to the USA, as only war could remove Americas economic dominance in the world.* total Neighbour policyThis relates to Americas policy in Latin America. It was first coined by FDR, but the policy was brisk in the 1920s. In this area the USA was far from isolationist, intervening or having its forces in many countries (eg Haiti). These were the actions of a country that thought they knew what was best for its neighbour. One example of this is its support for right-wing regimes (Nicaragua, Cuba, Dominican republic) to keep discover any left-wing influence in latin America, which might endanger their economic interests there.4. FDR AND ISOLATIONISM 1933-38* Little result to external aggressionFDR was restricted in the 1930s to talking about ways in which the US could influence others to keep peace. In the end his peace plans, such as that offered in Jan 1938, were not thought through. FDR offered gestures and a posture of helplessness as the world drifted to war.* Tide of opinion in the 1930sthroughout the 1930s the mood of the country was still isolationist. FDR could not go against the displaceiments of the public, nor could he go against the Isolationists in Congress, who he needed to pass his New Deal legislation.* Neutrality legislationPassed between 1935 1937, these were designed to preve nt a repeat of the events of 1917 it said that the USA should not trade with any belligerents in times of war, nor should they provide loans. These tie FDRs hands and encouraged the aggressors.5. THE END OF ISOLATIONISM* Preparation for warThe ground work was already being make before drop cloth Harbour for the US to enter the war on the side of the Allies. Co-operation with GB drawn-out in 1941 with Anglo-American naval planning the US navy occupied Greenland to build naval bases the US marines were sent to Iceland to prevent a possible German invasion US merchant ships were armed before Pearl Harbour in response to German hero sandwich attacks US helped GB navy to pinpoint U-boat positions the US possibly provoked the Japanese to attack Pearl Harbour.* Action rather than words to tax return Japanese and German aggressionAmerican destroyers were swapped for leases of GB bases in the Western Hemisphere (Sept, 1940) and a order of payment bill was agreed in the same month. In M arch 1941 the Lend Lease agreement was made this in realty was a declaration of economic warfare against the axis powers.* Continued salutary resistivity to American intervention in the Second World WarAfter 1939, FDR was trying to educate the American public of the threat to US security if the Axis powers won, but isolationist feeling was still strong in July 1939. As well as the rejection of a proposed revision o the Neutrality laws, during most of 1940 1941, 80% of Americans opposed a declaration of war against the Axis powers, but did favour aid to victims of axis aggression.

Horns of the Terrorist Dilemma Essay Example for Free

Horns of the Terrorist Dilemma EssayThis authorship approaches outline by using the descriptive and historical sketch method of research. It will also decompose empirical data from textual sources towards its conclusion. The primary question of this study is how the particular Arab country of Syria, contributes to the further unbalance and volatility of the socio-political condition of the Middle East.And the secondary question is how does Syria use act of terrorism in formulating the countrys foreign and defense policy as it places particular emphasis on its relationship with Israel? The theory/theories which see to be useful to the course of this written report come from the disciplines of Philosophy and International Relations. For the philosophical approach to the analysis of data, it is useful to examine the findings under the light of differentiating rationales by recognizing the particular categories of religious identity and secular identity.As for the approach tha t stems from the discourse composition of the body of International Relations, the secondary question is answered by finding a greater understanding behind whether Syria uses terrorism as a form of positive counterintelligence or as a negative form of counterintelligence, even if the United States (US), has in the past, already described Syria to be, a state-sponsor of terrorism which is a clear indication that the defense tactics of Syria must be of a threatening genius and not otherwise.One cannot say that the data presented is not empirical data. Noriko Satos On the Horns of the Terrorist Dilemma Christian Syrians Response To Israeli Terrorism in the academic journal History and Anthropology has been clearly described to be a study which came from, data collected during the 39 days of the Israeli siege of the Church of the parentage in Bethlehem in 2002. (142).Satos introduction presents that, This article examines how the prevailing understanding of terrorism and contemp orary Israeli military operations against the Palestinians provides different religious groups in Syria with a common ground on which to pedestal their claim to share in the national identity. (141). Upfront, Satos data already answers the primary question of the paper which is made clearer by the table below.

Virtue - Ontology Essay Example for Free

Virtue Ontology sampleMany people associate Plato with a few central doctrines that atomic number 18 advocated in his writings The field that outs to our senses is in some way defective and filled with error, but there is a more sure and perfect realm, populated by entities (called forms or ideas) that be eternal, changeless, and in some sense paradigmatic for the coordinate and character of the world presented to our senses. Among the most important of these abstract objects (as they be now called, because they are non locate in space or time) are goodness, beauty, equality, bigness, likeness, unity, being, sameness, difference, change, and changelessness. (These termsgoodness, beauty, and so onare often capitalized by those who write about Plato, in order to call attention to their exalted stipulation similarly for Forms and Ideas. ) The most fundamental distinction in Platos philosophy is between the many observable objects that appear beautiful (good, just, unifi ed, equal, big) and the one object that is what beauty (goodness, justice, unity) really is, from which those many beautiful (good, just, unified, equal, big) things receive their names and their agree characteristics.Nearly every major work of Plato is, in some way, devoted to or guessent on this distinction. Many of them explore the ethical and practical consequences of conceiving of reality in this bifurcated way. We are urged to transform our set by taking to heart the greater reality of the forms and the defectiveness of the corporeal world. We must recognize that the brain is a different sort of object from the bodyso much so that it does not depend on the existence of the body for its functioning, and can in fact grasp the nature of the forms far more easily when it is not encumbered by its attachment to anything corporeal.In a few of Platos works, we are told that the thought always retains the ability to recollect what it once grasped of the forms, when it was disembod ied prior to its possessors birth (see especially Meno), and that the lives we lead are to some extent a punishment or reward for choices we made in a former existence (see especially the final pages of Republic).But in many of Platos writings, it is asserted or assumed that truthful philosophersthose who recognize how important it is to distinguish the one (the one thing that goodness is, or virtue is, or courage is) from the many (the many things that are called good or virtuous or courageous )are in a position to become ethically superior to unenlightened human beings, because of the greater grad of insight they can acquire. To understand which things are good and why they are good (and if we are not interested in such questions, how can we become good? ), we must investigate the form of good.

The Whistleblower Protection Act Essay Example for Free

The whistle blower guard meet EssayThe whistle blower testimonial Act was designed to provide legal safety measures to individuals occupying military postures in the federal government who reveal impugnable and flagitious operations inside the government agencies. The Act and then shelters the employee that has break the study so that he leave behind remain saved from every biased recreateions that may be executed by his superiors in that particular government agency. This egis is a special precautionary measure that is well compensated in recite to maintain the employee status of truthfully underwriteing the illegal kneadivities that should be investigated by the government. The whistle-blower security measure Act was drafted to hold four approaches to figure outivate protection as a whistleblower. Firstly, the employee who wishes to disclose a ambiguous operation of another member of the government agency may file an appeal to the Merit Systems justificati on Board of his particular agency. Another approach may be to request for the protection from the special management of the government agency.Protection may also be requested through the appeal for individual protection per se. An employee may also request for whistleblower protection through grievance procedures, wherein the employee reports the grievances and hardships he experiences after he discloses information regarding the illegal operations that he has observed within the government agency. The Whistleblower Protection Act was c arefully designed so that not e really employee that reports an incident will be immediately protected based on the features of the Act. Such careful implementation of the protection act was established because it is important that single deserving individuals are provided with the protection that is needed and not all individuals who express their concern over an performance will be safeguarded from any associated reactions that may be given by t he employee that is being reported (Wilmot, 2000).The Whistleblower Protection Act is therefore established to proceed initially with an investigation regarding the revelation that was submitted by an employee. In addition, the disclosure should be properly endorsed by the head of the office where the employee is working for. Should this endorsement be absent, the Whistleblower Protection Act will not be use. The present Whistleblower Protection Act is and then available to all federal employees, both those in active duty and those who have retired or resigned, and even those employees who are in the higher positions. A few positions in the federal government, such as those tough in making agency policies, are not covered by the Whistleblower Protection Act, as well as those employees working at the postal office and the Central Intelligence Agency. The employees of the Federal bureau of Investigation are also not provided with the features of the Whistleblower Protection Act. A revelation that is presented by an employee should be evaluated to be of substantial information that is well-proven to positively violate the laws and policies of the government agency. Any infraction may be associated with the wrongful management of the government agency or a substantial squandering of government funds. In addition, any slander of an official of his powers over the government agency may also be considered as break information by which may activate the Whistleblower Protection Act and be implemented to protect the employee that has disclosed the violation.Other issues that are deemed worthy of activating the protection act may include any information that may cause harm to the general public, such as safety and sickness. one sequence the disclosure has been submitted by the concerned employee to his supervisor, this report should be submitted to the head of the government agency. As soon as this disclosure report is submitted to the head of the government ag ency, the Whistleblower Protection Act should be discussed with the employee who has reported the violation of another employee. The features of the protection act should be comprehensively explained so that the employee will understand how the protection act works. The Whistleblower Protection Act was also designed in order to amend an earlier act which was known as the Civil Service Reform Act. The amendment was based on the modification of the term disclosure in the older reform act and this was replaced by the refreshfuler protection act that pertains to any type of report so that employees may have the liberty to report any misuse and abuse of authority within the government agency. The protection act was also devised to prevent any forms of hindrance that would inhibit the employee from his disclosure of the information he knows with regards to the illegal activities that he observes within the government agency. There are provided a very few cases wherein the Whistleblower Protection Act was not provided to an employee who, after thorough investigation by the prehend review of the government agency, has discovered that the disclosure that the employee was submitting was based on his goal of acquiring personal introduce and benefit. It is thus important that a meticulous and detailed investigation of the disclosure be performed first onward any other measure is performed. Should the review committee find that the disclosure of the employee does not serve any beneficial purpose but for the employees personal gain alone, subsequent actions and the corresponding implementation of the Whistleblower Protection Act will not be exercised. The Whistleblower Protection Act has also go through a few issues with regards to the technicalities of its design and implementation. One of the most reviewed and discussed technical issue about the protection act is the phrase any disclosure. The word any was intentionally included in the definitions of the protection act in order to include all forms of reports and does not prematurely filter any disclosures and this has been designed in order to collect as much reports as may be submitted. The selection and review of the reports are thus handled by the review committee which is mandated to thoroughly study all reports and disclosures that are submitted to them. The main basis for designation of a valuable disclosure that is submitted by an employee is the fact that the disclosure shows equitable certainty that a distraction or abuse of authority or operation is occurring within the government agency.Equitable certainty of the disclosed information is mainly based on the good faith that is shown by the employee reporting the incident. The Whistleblower Protection Act is also designed wherein an employee may report to any of his superior officials within the government agency, allowing license for the employee to report the information he carries with trust and confidentiality. It should be und erstood that the Whistleblower Protection Act will only be implemented if the employee is reporting a specific gross mismanagement or misuse of authority by another individual in the government agency. Should the review committee find that the employee is only disclosing an insignificant amount of questionable activities, the review committee will then provide ample metre for the employee to gather more information about the other employee being reported and at the same time will monitor the actions being executed by the employee being reported.Should there be a new additional report regarding the questionable employee, the disclosing employee will immediately be given protection from any presumptive harm that he may experience during his occupation at the government agency. The information being disclosed will also be made confidential within the government agency because this secured information will affect the condition of the employee within his workplace (White, 2006).Protect ion to the employee may include the prevention of any actions that are associated with his position, including any reassignment to another office, termination and even promotion to a higher position. Such changes in the position of the employee who has disclosed any information on the mismanagement or misuse of another employee is thus unlawful and should be protected by the Whistleblower Protection Act.ReferencesWhite SM (2006) Confidentiality, no blame horticulture and whistleblowing, non-physician practice and accountability. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Anaesthesiol. 20(4)525-43.Wilmot S (2000) Nurses and whistleblowing The ethical issues. J. Adv. Nurs. 32(5)1051-7.

Goods Spend Analysis Report Essay Example for Free

Goods Spend Analysis Report strainGathering complete and accurate data of total goods drop downing requires the access to spend data from all(prenominal) relevant sources both within and outside the federation. Good data cannot be collected when spend psychodepth psychology is not supported by stakeholders including customers, suppliers, and internal clients. flavor Two Form a spend psychoanalysis team The company needs to realize that spend analysis is too critical to be assign as an additional duty of purchase department.A spend analysis team should be make and dedicated to collect and analyze data and perform more strategic functions such as prospective spend forecast, budget review and adjustment, and program research. Step Three Examine data tone of voice and separate an effective data perplexity process A considerable number of purchase orders or purchasing activities are not electronically transmitted in the company therefore the accuracy of purchasing mag netic disks mustiness be examined.In order to obtain complete, accurate, and consistent data, all stakeholders should identify an effective data/record management process to ensure accuracy. Step Four Create a proper classification abstract Its very unlikely that the company go away adopt an automated spend data management system designed for spend data extraction, cleansing and classification process. The spend analysis team will have to determine how to group spend data around distinct commodities with the concept of strategic sourcing in mind.Spend data should be categorized at the item level, providing visibility and allowing comparisons of detailed attributes across suppliers and commodities. Step Five Implement spend analysis reports on a monthly basis The monthly spend analysis reports should mellowedlight the top suppliers, internal customers, commodities receiving spend. Other reports addressing accumulated savings and process improvement should withal be implemented a nd shared with other stakeholders for the purpose of involving them in advanced sourcing plans.Reporting will offer up a high visibility into spending and help develop a cost-saving model to be expenditure in strategic sourcing. Specific Key Triggers The company has a high percentage of single sourcing for shoot for commodities as they have signed contracts with the suppliers in Asia who manufacture different product lines for them. They have negotiated low rate for the products that will be manufactured and shipped to Canada and then directly distributed to customers (mainly retailers and gift stores).Since the company has a large customer base instead of a large supplier base, the key triggers to be considered for focus are high clam value of direct goods or product lines, high dollar value of make-to-order for customers, high dollar value of indirect goods for internal customers, and high number of transactions of indirect goods for internal customers. Procurement system and Spend Analysis All the products must pass safety and lead testing in Canada forward selling and distribution.The procurement strategy the company currently employs is low cost with standard quality. The goods spend analysis recommended in this essay will work well with the companys procurement strategy. It is true that the company is struggling to reduce costs and cut spending at all levels, however, they cannot afford sourcing products with lower quality as the spending on inspection and disposal will dramatically rise. In order to oversee and manage spending properly, strategic spend analysis is the only effective tool they can use to achieve the goal.

Corruption of Love Within the Inncocent Essay Example for Free

Corruption of Love Within the Inncocent EssayWithin the plant of William Shakespe atomic number 18s Othello, Bram Stokers genus genus genus Dracula and Mary Shellys Frankenstein the concept of honey is found within characters that argon innocent and filled with good intentions. In each(prenominal) three works, warmth fills specified characters with joy and thankfulness towards the other characters who they claim to love. Unfortunately, the characters that experience love ar only satisfied with its graces until it somehow gets modify. The minds of the victimized characters be filled with anger, evil, and some with the idea of requital. Corruption of love within Othello, Dracula, and Frankenstein come with causes and effects. In the two works Frankenstein and Othello, both Frankensteins creation and Othello were in love. The animate macrocosm was in love with the bungalowrs and Othello was in love with Desdemona. When organism presented with say to no longer feel lov e towards the stack they claim to admire- it causes them to hate. The weakenion in the relationships of Jonathan Harker from Dracula and headmaster Frankenstein from the myth Frankenstein is primarily caused by the supernatural universes working against them.Frankensteins love (Elizabeth) is kill by the skirt chaser he creates, and Jonathans love (Mina) was corrupted when she is bitten by Dracula. The effect of love macrocosm corrupted in the works Frankenstein and Dracula vector sums with the characters to seek retaliate and to stop Frankensteins creature and Dracula from causation more pain to humanity. As a result of the characters Othello and the goliath created by Frankenstein having their love corrupted, they murder the people who they see as the motivation for all of their actions. Once these characters come to a realization of their mistakes, it is too easy and they commit suicide. Thus the works of William Shakespeares Othello, Bram Stokers Dracula and Mary Sh ellys Frankenstein all focus on the causes and effects of love being corrupted within the innocent and how it changes its victims for the worst. The creation of Frankenstein from the novel Frankenstein and Othello from the play Othello are both affectionate towards the cardinals they love. The creature loves the cottagers and Othello is in love with Desdemona.They say their loved ones on a pedestal and admire them for the many things they do. The cottagers taught the creation of Frankenstein how to socialize how to speak, how to show affection towards others, to work with others, how to be humble, etc. By fascinating him and impressing him with the ways they get laidd their lives, he grew to love them wi g-forcet having to make a personal appearance. Othello is in love with a woman who he believes is forever loyal to him. Desdemona proves her love for Othello when she agrees to elope with him. As a token of Othellos love, he presents Desdemona with a handkerchief that belonged to his give.However, when the creation of passe-partout Frankenstein and Othello are given evidence that the ones they love are no longer worthy of their affection- their attitudes change completely and they let go of all previous feelings. Frankensteins creature had bad encounters with humans in the past, but from his observations of the De Laceys, he assumes they are polar and wont reject him. later discovering that he would undergo the analogous harsh treat manpowert from his devout cottagers as those from the other village, it is state by the beast himself, I could with pleasure have destroyed the cottage and its inhabitants and have glutted myself with their shrieks and misery (125).He then changes his feelings of love towards humanity into hate, and swears to get revenge on the man who created and abandoned him to be tortured and neglected. Othello is told that his wife has been having affairs with one of his most trusted companions (Cassio). He dismisses the thought imme diately and sees no threat until he is provided with visual proof from Iago. After seeing Cassio with his mothers handkerchief, Othello perceives the innocent Desdemona as guilty. Ay, let her rot and perish and be damned tonight, for she Shall non live (4.1.172) exclaims Othello. The situation makes him so enraged that he no longer cares for her existence and he is now willing to get prepared to execute her. Therefore, the characters Othello and Frankensteins creation are filled with hatred and the need for vengeance once they feel that they are victims whose love has been corrupted and abused.The supernatural beings Count Dracula from the novel Dracula and the monster produced by Victor Frankenstein from the novel Frankenstein work as the main forces that contribute to the corruption of the relationships of Jonathan Harker and Victor Frankenstein. Jonathan constantly shows his affection towards Mina by portraying her to be his motivation to stay alive in Draculas castle. Both he and his betrothed are anxious to be reunited. Growing up together, Frankenstein has always been very fond of Elizabeth. Both characters come to the conclusion that they share mutual feelings of love towards one another and decide to get married. Both couples remain happy until they have encounters with beings that have selfish intentions of destroying their relationships for their satisfaction. It is stated by Count Dracula, Your girls that you all love are mine already and through them you and others shall yet be mine my creatures, to do all my bidding and to be my jackals when I want to feed (332). The quote implies that the effeminate characters in the novel Dracula- desire Mina Harker are no longer bonded with their lovers but are enslaved by The Count.When being held under the power of Dracula, Mina is not in her right state of mind and she no longer prioritizes her love for Jonathan. Victor Frankenstein is given an ultimatum by his creature to create a companion. However, V ictor is nonvoluntary because he does not want to be answerable for more chaos that could potentially be caused. After being denied of his request, the monster threatens, I will be with you on your wedding night (Frankenstein, 158), and the thought completely tormented Frankenstein. On Victors wedding night, the words of the monster were no longer a threat, but reality. Elizabeth was found murdered in their room. Therefore, when Count Dracula bites Mina and the monster created by Frankenstein murders Elizabeth they corrupt the love of both couples by preventing the women to love their partners back.When love is corrupted in the two works Frankenstein and Dracula, outcomes are characters who want to seek revenge and to defeat both fiends before they cause more chaos and pain. The creature created by Frankenstein has proved itself to be dangerous to humanity. At first, the people who hadpersonal encounters with him just assumed he was a threat because of his appearance. After being so tired of being rejected, the beast shows himself as someone who would bolt down innocent people for satisfaction. Specifically, he targets Victors loved ones as a punishment for creating him and abandoning him in an atmosphere that does not accept him. In the novel Dracula, The Count is seen as a hazard as well. In one of his many forms, he approaches the innocent and attacks them with a bite so he gouge use them for his selfish needs. After the loss of practically everyone he holds dear to him, Victor decides that he has been through enough. I devote myself, either in my life or shoemakers last to his destruction (191), concluded Victor confidently.By saying so, Victor made the commitment to devote the rest of his life to finding the beast that destroyed the lives of so many innocent people. The warning, We must either capture or kill this monster in his lair or we must, so to speak, sterilise the earth (261), is said to inform that it is requirement to put an end to Dracula in order to save the rest of the human race from becoming his slaves. With that being said, Van Helsing and the other male characters eagerly set out on the hunt for Dracula. Therefore, results of love being corrupted within the works Dracula and Frankenstein are the affected characters feeling obligated to avenge the death of their loved ones and destroy those who inflicted pain so they can not hurt anyone else. Committing murder is a result of corrupted love in regards to the characters Othello from the work Othello and the monster created by Frankenstein from the novel Frankenstein.The two types of murders that occur are ones directed towards people seen as the cause for feelings of being Victimized, and suicide from guilt and regret. Being persuaded that he has been betrayed by the innocent Desdemona, Othello is enraged by the idea and declares, Yet she must die, else shell betray more men (5.2.6). Determined to put an end to his wife, Othello does not realize that he is falsel y accusing Desdemona, and is making a huge mistake by bringing her to her death bed. At first, the beast feels remorse for being answerable for personally taking two innocent lives. However, after being denied a companion, the monster of Frankenstein is filled with hatred and believes that it is essential for his creator to feel just as lonely as he does. He is not satisfied until all the loved ones in the life of Victor Cabildo Frankenstein are dead.After finally being revealed the truth about Desdemonas innocence by Bianca, Othello is filled with shame, misery and regret. To punish himself for being responsible of destroying the love of his life, he kills himself to join her in the afterlife. Once the beast discovers the recent death of his creator he says, What does it avail that I now ask thee to pardon me? I, who irretrievably destroyed thee by destroying all thou lovedst (Frankenstein, 209). Feeling guilty and responsible of the situation, like Othello, the beast also decides to join the deceased by murdering himself. Therefore, the characters in the works Othello and Frankenstein who act as villains commit suicide because of the shame and regret that overwhelms their consciences when they realize they have murdered innocent people.Corruption of love in the relationships of the innocent characters in the works of William Shakespeares Othello, Bram Stokers Dracula and Mary Shellys Frankenstein are based on the causes and effects and how it alters its innocent targets to becoming their worst. Characters like Othello and the creation of Frankenstein freely showed their affection until they were provided with reason to express hatred. Thanks to the supernatural villains in the works Dracula and Frankenstein, love was corrupted in the relationships of Jonathan Harker and Victor Frankenstein when they could no longer approach their loved ones in the same way.When love was corrupted in the works Dracula and Frankenstein, the affected characters felt obligated to seek revenge and prevent any harm towards the rest of humanity by putting an end to the villains that posed a threat. By being affected by corrupted love, the characters Othello and the monster of Frankenstein even resorted to murdering innocent lives. Unfortunately they did not identify the mistakes that were made until it was too late. Out of guilt and shame of their actions and the villains commit suicide to join the ones they killed. With so many lives being lost throughout the three works, it can be seen as a tragedy. The love of those lost can never be expressed or brought back and that defines the situation as tour out for the worst. Therefore, negative interferences in any shape or form contribute to the corruption of love within the innocent characters from the three works- which leads to the motivation for revenge and killing.Work CitedShakespeare, William. Othello New York Washington Square squash 1993. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein New York Bantam 2004.Stade, George. Introduction. Dracula New York Bantam, 2006 v-xiv. Stoker, Bram. Dracula New York Bantam 2004.

Swot Analysis of Toyota Essay Example for Free

Swot Analysis of Toyota EssayWe chip in analyzed Porters Five Forces of Toyota and PESTEL Model of Toyota. Thus in this post, I will come the SWOT of Toyota. 1. Opportunities -Recovery of auto industry The automotive industry showed the signs of recovery, which is predicted to be gradual. The mart will reach a volume of 129. 9 million units in 2013 (Durbin, and Krisher, 2010). This provides positive information to the automotive manufacturers and stimulation to the investors. -Hybrid electric vehicles The change magnitude energy costs and stringent emission regulations enhance the demand of the hybrid electric vehicles because of its high enkindle efficiency. It is estimated it will reach 4. 0 million units by 2015. Besides US, Western Europe and Japan, China is estimated to be next large market. -Opportunities in Asian market The Asian automotive market became the main increase point and is estimated to increase in the following several years. Thus, the automotive corporatio ns should concentrate on the Asian markets, such as China, and India. 2. Threats -Competition in the global automotive market The worldwide automotive market is highly competitive, and becomes stronger repayable to the globalization, which is involved into every factor of automotive.The competition may lead to reduce the automobile unit sales, which may influence the participations financial condition. -Tightening emission standards The tightening emission standards adopted by the EU increase the additional costs for product development, testing and manufacturing operations for the automotive manufactures. 3. Strengths -Leading brand recognition Toyota is hotshot of the leash automotive brands in the world. And its brand Lexus values around $3. 1 billion. The other brands Corolla, Camry, Sienna, Prius and Scion are popular.The leading brand image gives it significant competitive advantage and charge premium prices. -Focus on RD activities Toyota strongly focuses on RD to expan d its product. The companys strong focus on RD allows it to uphold the technological leadership in most of its product segments. It has also enabled Toyota to develop innovative products, leading to strong sales. -Strong distribution network The company has a strong distribution network. Strong distribution network helps Toyota to improve its sales and to strengthen its market position all over the world.-Toyota production system The Just-in-Time and Jidoka Production System will help Toyota to reconstruct quality with the low defects and costs. 4. Weaknesses -Lapses in product quality Toyota announced two recalls recently that cover nigh of its most popular models, and recalled most 10 million vehicles across the world. These recalls not only reduce the lot prices, but also impact the brand image and the consumer confidence. -The unfunded pension In 2009, there was about $6537. 7 million unfunded for the projected pension and post- seclusion benefit. There are some unfunded ret irement pensions in Toyota, which may influence the cash flows.

Group Support Systems Essay Example for Free

Group Support Systems auditionGroup Support System is technology that is solely designed to spur the work of groups. It can be used to cooperate, compete, negotiate, coordinate, communicate or solve problems. Whilst conventional technologies, such as the teleph matchless qualify as GSS, the term is customarily used in reference to a definite class of technologies relying on modern computer networks like newsgroups, email, chat or videophones. GSSs have the ability to reduce communication barriers, thereby better organizational effectiveness.The technology facilitates clearer, faster and more persuasive communication and allows communication where it wouldnt otherwise be feasible or possible. Whats more, Group Support Systems facilitate new-fangled means of communication like incorporated interactions and anonymous interchanges, in so doing, they significantly reduce communication barriers. Similarly, Group Support Systems enhance group productivity in the organization by al lowing team members to collaborate from anywhere, share contact and information at a time and access email accounts from a single inbox.Besides, GSS lessens on time-consuming phone calls, travel expenses and organizational meetings. It as well curbs expensive overnight couriers and mailings, thereby improving organizational efficient through increased productivity. Facilitating decision-making activities is one of the cardinal features of Group Support System. The technology is applauded for knowledge management and brings to fore expertise as well as multiple perspectives regarding organizational decision making.Furthermore, it leverages professional expertise in making pertinent decisions to the objectives, goals, cathexis and vision of an organization. Finally, the benefits of Group Support Systems that I have experienced in the workplace are various(a) and far-reaching. The technology enables members to back up imperative documents in a secure location, in that way reduces risk of infection of information loss as a result of computer theft or damage.

Separation of a mixture of solids Essay Example for Free

Separation of a mixture of solids EssayA. How did your proposed procedures or come charts at the beginning of this experiment compare to the actual procedures of this lab exercise? When I began filling egress my flow chart, I was slightly confused on how the actual experiment was supposed to work. After notice the separation and a few times trying some steps I understood the experiment.B.Discuss potency advantages or disadvantages of your proposed procedure compared to the one actu bothy used. The filtered item with the paper took longer than expected to dry and I actually still had some wet particles on my paper. When performing these steps without direct supervision it net be hard to make sure you are doing things correctly. There could be many errors with measurement and all of the mixture could not be unconnected. C.How would you explain a sand recovery percentage that is higher than the airplane pilot sand percentage? To explain this I would say that not all of the o ther mixtures were actually garbled from the sand.D.What were potential sources of error in this experiment? The potential sources of error were in the weighing of the item and in whether or not the item was all the way dry or filtered.Final Conclusion (Summarize the close to important findings and what you learned from this lab) I learned that through various procedures, different pieces of mixtures can be separated and that each has its own distinct properties. If I were to simply look at a mixture I would not know that all of the items could be separated into their own category.

What Qualities A Teacher Should Have Essay Example for Free

What Qualities A Teacher Should lay down EssayTeachers play an important role in the education of every student. There are umteen who think that a instructor have a certain skill in teaching their students. I think that a teacher should hold in multiple qualities to be adequate to(p) to have the skill in teaching. In my view, a teacher must enjoy their job. They should do this because if they do not then they go forth become unhappy. Once a teacher is unhappy, they will not be able to perform puff up for their job. If a teacher is not able to perform well how will a student be able to learn the proper skills for their subject? A teacher should have cognition about their subject. If a teacher does not have the knowledge how will he be able to guide his students towards the make up path?The teacher should have knowledge because he will be able to share his knowledge with his students, which enables his students to learn more. I strongly believe that a teacher should sit h is subject in an provoke manner. If a subject is not presented in an interesting manner how will students be able to defend the breeding given to them? Students these days have very limited attention spans. If very vital information is being presented in a boring monotone voice do you think students will guess this information? A teacher should be hardworking, caring, responsible and must like children. If a teacher is no(prenominal) these how do you think a student will react? If a teacher is not hardworking will he be able to actually teach a student something?If a teacher is not caring will he able to gain the trust of a student? If a teacher is not responsible will he be able to handle the welfare of a student? If a teacher dislikes children will he be able to achieve in getting any information towards a student? In conclusion, I think in order to obtain a certain skill in teaching a teacher must be able to have certain qualities such as the ability to appreciate his job, the knowledge of a subject, the ability to present their subject in an interesting manner, the ability to be hardworking, caring, responsible and the ability to like children. Teachers are counted as a noble profession as they shape the minds of tomorrow.

The Evolution of Urban Society in Mesopotamia

The Evolution of urban Society in MesopotamiaWhere and when did the first urban societies come on? Were the early cities a prerequisite for the development of finish or merely by-products of it? These argon fundamental questions that argon attempted to be answered in studies of the urban revolution, which is defined as emergence of urban life and the attendee transformation of human settlements from simple agrarian-based systems to complex and hierarchical systems of manufacturing and trade. (Gotham 2007) For decades now, many anthropologists, archaeologists and historians have accepted that the cradle of civilization was situated in the Fertile Crescent, a vast stretch of land which extends from the eastern Mediterranean sea to the Persian Gulf. More specific bothy referred to is Mesopotamia, meaning land between the rivers in Greek, lying in the flush toilet of the rivers Tigris and Euphrates. Mesopotamia is indeed the oldest site that provides evidence of a complex and urban society, such as paper, fantastic architecture, and bureaucracy. It contains all the characteristics necessary to support the social, economic, and religious needs of a large and sedentary population. Although there is no consume definition for an urban society, scholars have established a myriad of different criteria to classify societies. One of the earliest, and approximately important, lists of characteristics used to evaluate whether a society can be described as urban was V. Gordon Childes ten-point pretense in his seminal article The Urban Revolution. His analysis of these different, yet related, factors is often summarized under the acronym POET population, organization, milieu and technology (Wyly 62008). For this essay, I will focus on these four criteria and how the ancient societies in Mesopotamia comfortable them.First of all, the bob upth and niggardliness of a population depends on the food supply available, which is restricted by the natural resources avail able to the inhabitants. Mesopotamia was blessed as a full-bodied agricultural area between its devil rivers. It had very favourable geographical characteristics as a flat and alluvial land. As a proceeds of its consistent elevation, the Tigris and the Euphrates flowed relatively slowly. The lack of natural dykes or barriers to the rivers caused the yearly flooding. The urines consistently overflowed their banks and deposited a rich layer of silt onto the plains. Since the ground in southern Mesopotamia was extremely fecund, people were able to regularly grow an abundance of crops which could support a considerable population. According to Elvin Wyly (1998), After a long period of struggles to ameliorate cultivation techniques in the fertile river valleys, archaeologists believed, an agricultural revolution allowed the end product of a surplus that eventually pose the basis for an urban revolution about 5,500 years ago (3,500 before the current era, or BCE). It was from the environment that social surpluses were made possible, meaning farmers were able to produce annually more than food than what was necessary to baffle him and his family.However, the annual flooding of the plains was often a mixed blessing. Although the fertility of the soil was caused by centuries of silt deposits transferred from the river beds, the flooding could also be unpredictably catastrophic. In an instant, rivers could destroy crops and wipe out entire communities and their inhabitants. Once the hordes of neighbouring peoples colonized in adjacent to the waterways, it became necessary for them to join together in a form of collective oversight to protect their settlements and livelihoods from flooding. This collective management of the flood waters and the social surplus associated with it formed the rudimentary conditions for the approach of Sumerian civilization. Childe (1950 8) makes this point clear when he notes, At the same time dependence on river water for the ir rigation of the crops restricted the cultivable areas while the necessity of canalizing the waters and protecting habitations against annual floods encouraged the aggregation of population. then arose the first citiesunits of settlement ten times as great as any known neolithic village. These novel agricultural innovations of controlled irrigation and canalization served as catalysts for the broader societal transfers. By providing a consistent social surplus, the populations of the earliest cities in Mesopotamia were able to rapidly increase in absolute terms and also in the density of their settlement. The greater numbers of people provided the basis for specialization and hierarchical institutions. The largest Mesopotamian city Ur, which was built on a tributary of the Euphrates, had a maximum population of 34, 000 in the old walled city, and possibly more than 340,000 when its surrounding regions are included (Wyly 2008 2). This is an astounding number for a settlement during this period. Among the rivers and streams, the Sumerian people built the first cities along with irrigation canals which were separated by vast stretches of open desert or swamp where nomadic tribes roamed. Communication among the separated cities was difficult and at times dangerous. olibanum each Sumerian city became a city-state, independent of the others and tutelar of its independence. This demonstrates that the development of cities and states were inextricably linked, as one was necessary for the formation of the other.This irrigation cultivation and food surplus released definite members of the population from manual labour. The economic and political transformations that brought about early complex societies were largely due to the production of a social surplus by commoners, which enabled the formation of political differentiation and the complex division of labour. Thus began the process of social stratification and the formation of different social classes, perhaps t he most significant change incurred by the Urban Revolution As with other cities of Mesopotamia, Ur was socially heterogeneous, with a detailed specialization of labor, and full-blooded differences in wealth and power between an elite class and the remainder of the population. (Wyly 2008 2). A strict pecking order began. At the top were the land-owning elites, consisting of nobles, priests and the military, who controlled the distribution of the surplus. Next, there were specialists such as craftspeople, metallurgists, and scribes employed to track the surplus. At the rump were the powerless peasants who supported the entire economy on their backs. Smith (2009 10) notes that Sir Leonard Woolley (1954) was directing excavations at Ur, where he bring out evidence for many craft specialists in the residential neighborhoods.The power of the elites was symbolized and consolidated by the construction of grand public monuments. Every Sumerian city was from the first dominated by one or more stately temples, centrally situated on a brick platform raised above the surrounding dwellings and unremarkably connected with an artificial mountain, the staged tower or ziggurat. (Childe 1950 14). Granaries and workshops were attached to these temples allowing the concentration of food and wealth to be held in the hands of a relative few. The ability to store and trade the surplus spurred scientific innovations in measurement and storage, while in the buff political means emerged to supervise the allocation of the surplus and its benefits. According to Childe (1950 16), new technologies and innovations emergence directly from the need to manage and organize the surplus. The priests and bureaucrats of Sumerian temple invented the first type of writing, in the form of Sumerian cuneiform, as a way of accounting and recording the resources and revenues collected as subvention from the commons. The invention of writing led to the development of other exact and predictive scien cesarithmetic, geometry and astronomy. The use of writing and sciences for administrative purposes by the state is one of the hallmarks of a more complex, urban society.George Cowgill (2004 535) claims that If the first cities were deliberately created, it is probable that they were new kinds of settlements that arose abruptly, rather than old kinds of settlements that gradually grew so large that they became qualitatively as well as quantitatively different.Works CitedChilde, V. Gordon 1950 The Urban Revolution. Town Planning Review 213-17.Cowgill, George L. 2004 Origins and Development of Urbanism Archaeological Perspectives. one-year Review of Anthropology 33525-544. Encyclopdia Britannica2009 History of Mesopotamia. http//www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/376828/Mesopotamia, accessed November 20, 2009.Smith, Michael E. 2009 V. Gordon Childe and the Urban Revolution An Historical Perspective on a Revolution in Urban Studies. Town Planning Review 803-29.Wyly, Elvin 2008 Urban O rigins and Historical Trajectories of Urban Change. Introduction to Urban Geography 1-10.

Liquefied Natural Gas Lng Economics Essay

Liquefied subjective brag Lng Economics EssayLiquefied Natural Gas forecasts be richlyly-structured and capital intensive in order to protect the investment return that endures developers conventionally covered all their future LNG. The departed geezerhood have witnessed a dramatic learning in LNG persistence which is under metaphases from an infant towards a maturing industry with the ongoing lick of slackening in the land foodstuff, LNG plays an increasingly important role in face-off the rapid gas demand publicwide by offering its merits of diversification and flexibility for securing gas cede of price signals cross isolated regions. According to BP 2010 So far, LNG accounts for 30.5% of world trade volume and the figure is evaluate to be ripening.Over the past five years it has became acceptable industry practice for even contractually committed LNG with a specified destination to be diverted to another merchandise with mutual capital of New Hampshire of both t he seller and the vendee. The financial incentives to benefit from grocery store in efficiency and regional preparation-demand motivated market players to allow ad-hoc cargo diversions, sharing the gelt resulting from the arbitraging among the respective parties.With a c atomic number 18ful study of the process of trade from school of thought Prof. Dr. Hasret B. and others I have been privileged to perceive the nature of LNG and why is not neglected. This same study put up a questions who are the merchandiseurs, what are the constraints and limitations they fall, and why merchandise piece of tail fail to bring prices close to the fundamental value which implied by standard models.However, the guidance of this denomination on the nature of LNG trade and its theoretical development in global markets reveals theoretical development within a simple model and also suggest directions for future enquiry. According to Zhurravleva (2009), he maneuvered out why the LNG project is still in existence In 2007, the Equatorial Guinea LNG project sold its entire LNG proceeds on a FOB (Freight On Board) basis to BG for 15 years, without incorporating a destination clause in the contract. Now what she actually meant here(predicate) is that the business has enabled the buyer (BG) to divert the cargoes and act as aggregators ( tradeur), effective and monetizing their delivery. other significant sources of flexible cargoes are Qatar, Trinidad and Tobago, Algeria and Egypt.The classic destination and the availability of non-committed shipping capacity are not the only barrier towards the LNG trade rather than other factors such as technical and market restrictions, high transaction costs which hinder LNG diversions. The significance of these barriers varies overtime and differs from market to market however it is important to understand the aforementioned theoretical importance and the finale to which they may constrain the development of the global LNG arbitra ge market. therefore with a clear observations of The Unique Features of the LNG Shipping Market A Study of Ship-owners organize and Fleet scattering by Wang, S. et al 2011 a common assumption refers to the spending race in which high oftenness traders employ LNG trading to execute orders as fast as possible in other to piss an edge in trading. This is because LNG arbitrage was viewed as natural conventional evolution that eventually would translate into more(prenominal) than efficiency in the market place as the speed down to all investors in the markets.The past years of a close witness of how LNG industry put up a dramatic development still remain green in my mind till today. This because I was present creating inspirations with mine new-made Timothy O. Anyanwu. he gave breath to me and nurtured me towards the business in sub-region at Enugu, Nigeria. From a clear concept of it is being characterised with a high-structured and capital intensive one which is tied with a lo ng-term contracts for years or more. He maximized a transparent and profitable annual return for Oando Nigeria Plc till present.1.2 LITRATURE redirect examinationWith the general growth of LNG arbitrage research in business and financial project sectors, it would be glare to put a searching relationship or differences between a considerable attention I recent years. In around research attempts to go beyond the project assumptions about how is being created for several years, they focused on point of context from one point of view which uses conversation analysis, such as LNG arbitrage, barrier and other mutual features. It inter-related some research which has focused only on the description of differences, other work has shown clearly how LNG projects echo and reproduce financial differences. Accordingly, Zhuravleva (2009) pointed that the significant of barriers towards LNG varies overtime and differ from market to market. He pointed also that is important and to the extent t o which they may constrain to the development of the global LNG arbitrage market.According to Mazighi (2003) considered that the globalization of LNG markets requires four conditions to be met the natural, the economic, the technical and the institutional conditions.Much of the earlier work empha surfaced dominance. Neuhoff Hirchhausen (2008) suggested that as roundabouts-specific investments and uncertainty along with the LNG supply chain point high transaction costs. He went further to point that long-term contracts can however help to sully the transaction costs for two parties engaging in the commitment. According to an empirical analysis of Ruester (2006) it showed that in answer to market deregulation, vertical integration was driven by upstream producers moving downstream with ownership of carry-over capacities to exploit arbitraging possibilities and distribution and power companies moving upstream to ensure margins and security of supply.While some of the more popular work of this type, such as Jensen (2004), there are some potential similarities between the vegetable oil market and the natural gas market, however the way a global LNG market depart set up is found to be divers(prenominal). The high cost of LNG transportation is one of the main reasons preventing the LNG market to be as flexible as oil market. He went further to point out that long-term contracts in LNG have been the vehicle for sharing the large up-front investment risk characterize LNG projects, the short-term trading had been maturement fast in recent years given the declining costs along the supply chain, the growing novelty of supply sources and loosening of the conventional rigid industry structure. Thus, the long term contract still rest a mainstay of international trade, and the growth of short-term trade volume and price arbitrage are limited accordingly.Although Zhuravleva (2009) distinction is clearly a useful one, it is also seems evident that the some useful app roaches are by no means mutually exclusive. While is important on one hand, therefore, it is important to focus on the development of LNG arbitrage even when there is constrains. It also pointed out some conversation bet on on (P.2) clearly there is scope with dandy deal to expand in the area of this issuance researchIs based on embryonic stage of developmentEstablish more insight on a clear formation of LNG arbitrage.Distinguish between LNG arbitrage with other trade activities relating to LNG markets.1.3 METHODOLOGYThis article is based on primary research. It involves common chord components online questionnaires, interviews, mine experience in the business in Nigeria and feedback from the presentations of the research referring to Zhuravleva (2009) Oxford Institute of Energy Studies (OIES)The target group for the research was carefully selected to provide an informed range of insight. Thus, among the thespian were natural gas and LNG traders, leading independent consultants , senior figures from several of the major energy companies and publishers of LNG journals and bulletins. The surveys sample size is relatively small due to the highly specialized nature of the topic, the dearth of trusted specialists in the LNG arbitrage trade and the difficulty in accessing experts. Nevertheless, the profiles and experience gathered by mine self and the participants were representative of the shell in the sector. The data for the qualitative analysis was obtained with the help of the online questionnaires.When all the responses were collected, each participant were interviewed to assist in the qualitative analysis of the data.2.1 Defining LNG arbitrage merchandise is defined as the simultaneous purchase and sales agreement of the same tangible goods in two different markets for utilityous purpose of different prices but here such arbitrage required no capital and entails no risk Thus, referring to LNG arbitrage it means a physical cargo diversion from one marke t to another or re-experts of cargoes to spot gas market in markets in which gas prices are as much as high that covers the costs and profit remains. According to Zhuravleva (2009) defined LNG arbitrage as a physical cargo diversion from one market to another, which offers a higher price. He explained further that the diversion of the cargo can be regarded as arbitrage if the cargo was ab initio committed to the first market and to the initial buyer in a commercial message contract. Two key drivers for arbitrage are commercial and operational.Commercial Driver This is the ability to take advantage of price differential between the markets, which arise due to differing pricing structures, variations in the relative balances between supply and demand and market inefficiency. available Driver This is the financial lose minimization in case of localize outages overfill storage tanks or force.However, advocates of unique world market for gas has to take into account that arbitrage are costly, and thus can lead only in some convergence of prices between different regional markets but not to the full price. According to Ikonnikova (2009), it makes the market flexible option and allows market players to benefits from arbitrage opportunity playing on price differential across regional market.2.2 patterns of LNG ArbitrageThese are the three main models used in LNG tradingModels I Seller Arbitrage Here seller and buyer are used to indicate the seller of LNG cargo and the buyer of the LNG cargo. Initial buyer is the customer for whom the LNG has been initially contacted, while End Buyer is the purchaser of the diverted LNG.Model II Initial Buyer Arbitrage This model points out that the initial buyers market prices remain stable due to players profits from the arbitrage and replaces the LNG by spot cargoes later. Commonly used by Spanish Importers.Model III Independent Trader Arbitrage In this model another player called Independent Trader appears in the transaction . He buys the cargo from the initial buyer (Seldom from LNG Seller) and gets the right to divert the cargo to another customer offering a higher price. E.g., Garpron and Gas De France 2004.2.3 Barriers to the Growth of LNG Arbitrage in world(a) MarketAfter a qualitative analysis from the questionnaires of this article, the growth of the LNG arbitrage market implies an increase in the number of arbitrage transactions annually and the increase in the volumes that are being diverted one market to another. They are more than 12 barriers towards the growth of LNG arbitrage in global market but few will be mentioned here. They are as followsThe wrong Differential Between Markets is Not Great Enough expenditure spread must be great enough to cover the transaction costs and be a sufficient incentive for the aggregator, who often has to treat the profit with another party. Without a price spread that allows the trader to profit, no arbitrage transaction will take place.Small Number of Pla yers in the LNG Market If two buyers are present for transaction in market then an arbitrage deal should be potentially possible. But they are rarely scarcely for transaction.Lack of Price Transparency Lack of price transparency complicates arbitrage trade and demand speediness of wit and good connections between the traders. In relations to countries involved in LNG trade, the US and UK gas market are the most transparent and liquid in the world while in continental European gas market where LNG is important Spain, France and Belgium.3.1 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONSWith clear evidence on todays LNG world, it has been argued that it will drive the world markets for natural gas from region to unique world price but with a qualitative observation, the growing role of LNG arbitrage opportunities between countries differ from each other. And at the same time, the price gap between countries also differs because of its landing cost (transportation cost).We suggest a positive recomme ndation which could guide the global world at large which is UNIFORMITY in terms of LNG arbitrage operation. More research need to be done to enable expand this article aforementioned toward its embryonic growth development, clear formation of LNG arbitrage and trade activities relating to LNG markets.REFERENCESBillingsley, R. (2005), Understanding Arbitrage An Intuitive Approach to Financial Analysis. Wharton School Publishing, USBP Statistical Review, 2010.Chabrelie, M. (2003) A new trading model for the fast-changing LNG industry, first Asia Gas Buyers Summit.Clarkson research services (2010) Report of LNG Trade and place 2010.Facts Global Energy (2008), East West LNG Pricing Comparison New Trends. New Frontiers, And Future Price Markets, Presented at Gastech, March 12th 2008, Bangkok, Thailand.Ikonnikova S., 2009, Strategic model of LNG arbitrage analysis of LNG trade in Atlantic Basin, in 32nd International Association for Energy Economics Conference Proceedings.Institute of E nergy Economics, japan (2008), Natural Gas and LNG Supply/Demand Trends in Asia Pacific and Atlantic Markets. Tokyo, Japan.Jensen, J.T. (2004), The Development of a Global LNG Market. Oxford Alden Press.Neuhoff, K., von Hirchhausen, C., (2005) Long-term vs. Short-term Contracts A European Perspective on Natural Gas.Ruster, S., and Neumann, A., (2006) Corporate Strategies along the LNG judge Added Chain An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of Vertical Integration.Wang, s., Notteboom, Theo E. (2011). The Unique Features of The LNG Shipping Market A study Of ship-owners Structure And Fleet Distribution. Paper presented at IAME 2011, Santiago de Chile, 25-28 October 2011.World Bank Commodity Price Data, March, 2012.Zhuravleva. P. The Nature of LNG Arbitrage, and an Analysis of the briny Barriers for the Growth of the Global LNG Arbitrage Market, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, NG 31, June 2009.TABLE OF CONTENTSCover summon iAbstract iiKey words iiI.1 INTRODUCTION 1 LITERATU RE REVIEW 4 METHODOLOGY 52.1 DEFINING LNG ARBITRAGE 6Commercial Driver 7Operational Driver 72.2 Models of LNG Arbitrage 82.2.1 Model I Seller Arbitrage 82.2.2 Model II Intial Buyer Arbitrageur 82.2.3 Model III Independent Trader Arbitrage 92.3 Barriers to the Growth of LNG Arbitrage Global Market 93.1 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 9